Night Vision Wiki - User contributions [en]

CSF D-16

2025-08-10T20:14:48Z

Untrust: Cleaned it up a bit

The D-16 is a French first generation image intensifier tube made by CSF (Compagnie générale de télégraphie sans fil) in the 1960's and used in devices such as the AMX-30 B-17-A fire periscope. These tubes was mainly used by the French army but were also available for external military contracts. These tubes are scarce due to the destruction of materials by the army after retirement from service.

== Further reading ==
Datasheet https://frank.pocnet.net/sheets/181/f/F9049.pdf

Photos of a surviving D-16 https://lampes-et-tubes.info/ic/ic045.php
[[Category:Formats]]

Baigish 20A

2025-06-29T17:24:56Z

Untrust:

{{DeviceInfoBox
|name=Baigish 20A
|manufacturer=Baigish
|manufacturer-name=|manufacturer-2=|manufacturer-name-2=|manufacturer-3=|manufacturer-name-3=|page=|image=Baigish 20a.png|type=Binocular
|format=Unknown (Possibly EP33)
|fov-hor=30
|fov-ver=30
|mount=Proprietary
|objectives=Proprietary
|eyepieces=Proprietary
|weight=900}}

The Baigish 20A is a first generation night vision device. It contains two first generation tubes and a small IR illuminator in a single unit, on a proprietary mount which is bolted to a leather skull crusher. A battery pack is mounted on the rear of the skull crusher, with a control panel holding a power switch for the device and for the IR illuminator.

== Included equipment ==
It was originally supplied with a large battery charger and a 3v battery. At some point a battery adapter was designed that allowed two AA sized batteries to be used instead. The unit and all accessories fit into a metal carrying case with a polystyrene insert for holding each item. A small plate could be clipped over the front of the unit to protect the objective lenses and image intensifier tubes from damage.
[[Category:Devices]]

File:Baigish 20a.png

2025-06-29T17:24:34Z

Untrust: Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=A photo of the Baigish 20a night vision device.}}
|date=2025-06-28
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Untrust|Untrust]]
|permission=
|other versions=
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=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-sa-4.0}}

XX1306

2025-06-29T17:12:29Z

Untrust: Created page with "PLACEHOLDER IMAGE XX1306 image intensifier tube The XX1306 is a second generation inverting tube with 53mm outer diameter, made by Mullard. == Devices == The table below lists all devices using XX1306 image intensifier tubes for which a page exists on this wiki.{{#ask: Category:Devices Tube Format::XX1306|?Housing Type|?Manufacturer|format=table}} Category:Formats"

[[File:P8304by.jpg|thumb|PLACEHOLDER IMAGE XX1306 image intensifier tube]]
The XX1306 is a second generation inverting tube with 53mm outer diameter, made by [[Mullard]].

== Devices ==
The table below lists all devices using XX1306 image intensifier tubes for which a page exists on this wiki.{{#ask:
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Tube Format::XX1306]]|?Housing Type|?Manufacturer|format=table}}
[[Category:Formats]]

Photonis

2025-06-24T09:35:01Z

Untrust: linked mullard

[[File:Photonis Technologies Logo.png|alt=Photonis Technologies Logo|thumb|Logo]]
Photonis is a brand of image intensifier tubes and night vision devices by the company Exosens, with headquarters in France.

== History ==

===Philips===
According to Photonis, the opening of a new manufacturing facility of Philips in 1937 can be seen as the main origin of the company.<ref name=":12">https://www.photonis.com/our-company/our-history</ref> As WWII was looming over Europe, the Dutch electronics company chose Brive-la-Gaillarde in the southwest of France as a new manufacturing location for microwave tubes and other electrical components.<ref name=":02">https://www.lamontagne.fr/brive-la-gaillarde-19100/economie/il-y-a-80-ans-philips-sinstallait-le-long-de-la-correze-pour-fabriquer-des-tubes-demission_12728967/</ref>

Philips Brive continued growing after WWII, even working on radar and nuclear power projects, cooperating with Laboratoire d'Electrophysique de Paris (LEP).<ref name=":02" />

In 1960, the factory was flooded, taking two years to build a new factory.<ref name=":12" /><ref name=":02" />

In 1963, Philips Brive becomes Hyperelec, remaining a subsidiary of Philips.<ref name=":12" /><ref>https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA348941.pdf</ref> New products included cathode ray tubes comissioned for the French Atomic Energy Comission and [https://www.nv-intl.com/wiki/index.php/Microchannel%20Plate%20(MCP) microchannel] wafers.

On January 1st. 1986, Hyperelec, together with RTC la Radiotechnique-Compelec and Cima become RTC-Compelec<ref>https://www.archivesportaleurope.net/advanced-search/search-in-archives/results-(archives)/?&repositoryCode=FR-FRAD027&levelName=archdesc&t=fa&recordId=AD02700AP_000000091</ref><ref group="Notes">Hyperelec still is a company located in Brive today, with the history being unclear.</ref>, with Philips still being a majority shareholder<ref>https://de.wikibrief.org/wiki/Radiotechnique</ref>. In December 1988, RTC-Compelec changed its name to RTC Philips Composants, in 1990 to Philips Composants, and in 1994 to Philips Photonique.

In the late 80s and early 90s, the Philips subsidiary [[Mullard|Mullard Limited]] produced various Gen. 2 image intensifiers in the U.K.<ref>https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B_KHF-2rYTtbelNYdHRNWHhKWHM?resourcekey=0-O980HhtgaolnaM-SxuhTLg&usp=drive_link</ref><ref>https://frank.pocnet.net/other/Mullard/Mullard_NightVision_XX1500_1980.pdf</ref>

In 1998, the Brive branch of Philips becomes an independent company, Photonis.
=== Burle Industries===
In 1942, a new facility manufacturing microwave and radio tubes for the U.S. Navy, operated by the RCA Corporation, called Burle is opened in Lancaster, PA, U.S.A.<ref name=":3">https://www.relltubes.com/Burle#1</ref> It is acquired by the RCA Corporation in 1946. In 1968, RCA is acquired by the General Electric Company. As part of that process, the Burle facility is sold off. Subsequently Burle Industries Inc. is founded through a management buyout in July 1987.<ref name=":3" />

In 1998, Burle opened a second facility in Matamoros, Mexico, to manufacture vacuum tube assemblies.

In 1999, Burle Industries purchases the scientific detector products business (including [https://www.nv-intl.com/wiki/index.php/Microchannel_Plate_(MCP) MCP] technology) from Galileo Corp. The newly acquired facilities are located in Sturbridge, MA, U.S.A.

=== Oldelft Groep / Delft Instruments / Delft Electronic Products BV ===
In 1952, the American company Old Delft Optical Corporation (ODOC), a joint venture of Oldelft n.v. and Aerojet General, was contracted to develop and produce the infrared sights of the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter.<ref name=":2">https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldelft</ref> With the experience of this project, Oldelft opened a new subsidiary Delft Electronische Producten in Roden, Netherlands in 1970 to produce passive [[Image Intensifier|image intensifiers]].<ref name=":12" /><ref>https://www.geheugenvandrenthe.nl/delft-electronic-products-dep-b-v</ref>


In the 90s the company received bad press, particularly due to 1981 ''Operation La Paz'', in which the company supplied night vision equipment to Iraq under Saddam Hussein during the war with Iran, in violation of arms embargos. In 1983, the company was raided and put on trial, but later acquitted due to a legal loophole where the devices were sent to England and Portugal first. In 1984, export legislation was changed to require a declaration of the final destination.<ref name=":2" />

In 1985, the name of the company was changed to Oldelft Groep. In 1990 Oldelft Groep merged with NV Verenigde Instrumentenfabrieken Enraf-Nonius to become Delft Instruments.<ref name=":2" />

A second incident occured in 1990, as during the Gulf War U.S. soliders found night vision devices made by Delft Instruments in Iraqi positions. Delft had initially exported the devices using a Belgian subsidiary with a valid export license, but it continued exporting the devices for months after an arms embargo was placed. The U.S. decided to boycott the company, and began a criminal investigation, which was later settled, and the boycott slowly lifted.<ref>https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delft_Instruments</ref><ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03064229108535220</ref>

In 1995, Delft Electronic Products BV (DEP) was founded as a subsidiary of Delft Instruments specialized on night vision technology.<ref>https://www.lesechos.fr/2005/02/le-correzien-photonis-rachete-le-neerlandais-delft-electronic-products-597372</ref>
===Photonis ===
In 2005, Photonis Technologies SAS, also called Photonis Group, was formed from merger of Delft Electronic Products BV, Burle Industries and Photonis.<ref name=":12" /> Both Delft and Burle become subsidiaries of Photonis Group, based in the Lancaster facility in the U.S.A and the Roden facility in the Netherlands, respectively.<ref>https://indico.cern.ch/event/46144/sessions/177795/attachments/949759/1347567/presentation_photonis_feb_2008.pdf</ref>

In the same year, Photonis establishes Photonis USA, based in the Sturbridge facility, a subsidiary of Burle Industries. The facility in Matamoros is renamed to PHOTONIS Mexico.

In 2009, Photonis transferred some of their production technology to Chinese buyers.<ref name=":02" /><ref group="Notes">One recipient of this transfer is believed to be [[North Night Vision Technology (NNVT)|NNVT]].</ref>

In 2011, Burle Industries becomes Photonis USA Pennsylvania.<ref name=":12" />

In September 2011 Photonis is acquired by AXA Private Equity (now Ardian) through a leveraged buyout.<ref>https://growthbusiness.co.uk/photonis-sold-to-axa-private-equity-for-second-time-7766/</ref>

Photonis USA, Inc. based in the Sturbridge facility later becomes Photonis Scientific.

In July 2021, Ardian sells Photonis to HLD Group.<ref>https://www.canaccordgenuity.com/capital-markets/transactions/2021/july/hld-group_july-2021/</ref>

In December 2022 Photonis acquires the Belgian company Xenics, a manufacturer of Short Wave InfraRed (SWIR) imagers.<ref>https://www.photonis.com/news/photonis-announces-agreement-acquire-xenics</ref>

In April 2023 Photonis acquires Germany company ProxiVision, a manufacturer of ultra-violet detectors.<ref>https://www.photonis.com/news/photonis-announces-agreement-acquire-proxivision</ref>

In July 2023 Photonis acquires the Israeli company El-Mul, a manufacturer of advanced charged particle detectors and devices.<ref>https://www.photonis.com/news/photonis-announces-acquisition-el-mul</ref>

In September 2023 the company rebranded from Photonis Group to Exosens, with Photonis remaining the brand name of their night vision products. <ref>https://www.photonis.com/news/photonis-group-becomes-exosens</ref>
==Company Structure==
Today, Exosens S.A.S has a single subsidiary, Photonis France SAS.<ref name=":22">https://g.co/kgs/H7btjW</ref><ref group="Notes">It is not clear yet if Photonis France SAS has been or will be renamed, too.</ref>

Photonis France SAS in turn has the following subsidiaries:<ref name=":22" />
*Photonis USA Pennsylvania
*Brennel Glass Ltd.
*Photonis Scientific
*MicroOLED S.A.S.
*Photonis-DEP B.V.
**Hi-Light Opto Electronics B.V.
*Antheryon Optics
*Xenics nv
**Xenics U.S.A. Inc.
==Image Intensifiers ==
Photonis manufactures [[Image_Intensifier#Generation_2|second generation image intensifiers]] exclusively. However, the company has continuously improved the technology, with the higher end of their lineup competing, if not outperforming, modern third generation image intensifiers.

It's a common assumption that European-made tubes like those from Photonis are pricier than U.S. Gen 3 tubes from L3 and ESA. However:

* '''Local vs. Export Market''': Gen 3 tubes may be less expensive in the U.S., but export regulations like ITAR often level the playing field by raising the cost of U.S. tubes sold internationally.
* '''Performance Factors''': Exported U.S. Gen 3 tubes often have reduced performance compared to those sold domestically, making the price-to-performance comparison less straightforward.
* '''Military Sales''': U.S. tubes sold through FMS aren't necessarily cheaper than Photonis tubes on the international market.
* '''Taxes''': Local taxation can also skew the apparent cost of these products.

When accounting for these variables, the price and performance between Photonis and U.S. tubes are more comparable, especially for international buyers.

Photonis image intensifiers feature higher shock rating (min. 500G<ref>https://www.ar15.com/forums/armory/Understanding-Specs--Photonis-Echos-vs-Gen3-vs-Unfilmed-Tubes/18-535588/#i5725223</ref>) and good dynamic range in mixed light conditions, e.g. urban environments.

Photonis image intensifiers are offered in many different formats, such as [[18mm]] (with or without EGAC contact plate or flex cable and 4-pin connector) and [[16mm]] with concave inverting fiber optic output.

===XD4===
Introduced in 2000.<ref name=":1">https://www.photonis.com/our-company/our-history</ref>

===XR5===
Introduced in 2002. With Autogating.<ref name=":1" /> Aviation models are often referred to as ''golden bullet(s)'' due to their golden EMI shielded housing.

Photonis has started using the diffraction grated photocathode on some XR5, as well as other models that are generally not thought to be a part of the 4G family or their "fallouts".

===Echo===
Echo is the most recent line of Photonis image intensifiers aimed at the civilian market.<ref>https://www.photonis.com/system/files/2021-03/200215_Leaflet_ECHO.pdf</ref>

There are several different type designations for Echo image intensifiers, including ZG1499C and ZW1499C. Z = Echo, G/W = P43/P45, numbers = model or format, A/B/C = performance spec (with revisions).

Tubes with a postfix A are U.S. only, while B and C are for the rest of the world.

Echo tubes sold in the U.S. have a minimum [[Figure of Merit (FOM)|FOM]] of 1800 and often exceed 2000, with no upper limit. In contrast, Echo tubes sold outside of the U.S. have a minimum [[Figure of Merit (FOM)|FOM]] of 1600, with a maximum of 2000.

U.S. P45 Echos are lower gain than the worldwide market counterpart.

There are two theories that try to explain this, both based on the assumption that Photonis needs to produce higher performing tubes for the U.S. market to compete with American manufacturers of third generation image intensifiers.

* Photonis might have two separate production lines, one based in the U.S., and one based in the EU. The U.S. production line has much higher requirements. This would in result in one or more of the following:
** Lower production volume
** Higher rate of rejects / fallouts
** Higher production cost / smaller sales margin
* Photonis might have one production line in the EU, separating the resulting image intensifiers by specs.

===4G / INTENS===

While the name can be misunderstood as [[Image Intensifier#Generation 4|Gen. 4]]<ref group="Notes">This is one of the examples of the marketing strategy of Photonis that is sometimes critizised as being misleading.</ref>, it really is just a product name by Photonis. All 4G image intensifiers are still technically Gen. 2.

Originally, 4G was released as a performance standard<ref>https://www.photonis.com/4g-night-vision</ref>. The 4G specification is:

* Extended bandwidth of < 400 nm to > 1000 nm
* [[Figure of Merit (FOM)|FOM]] > 1800
* [[Resolution]] > 57 lp/mm even in bright environments
* Halo of 0.75 mm

In 2014, Photonis launched a new line of image intensifiers called INTENS, intended to be compliant with the 4G standard. There is empiric evidence that early commercial INTENS tubes however did not actually meet the 4G specification, notably on the Halo size specification. It is unclear whether this is due to different measuring standards for tubes sold in the U.S. and elsewhere.

In 2017, Photonis has dropped the INTENS branding entirely and started selling the image intensifiers simply branded as 4G<ref name=":1" />, making it impossible for other manufacturers to use the original 4G standard anymore.

Unlike Echo, 4G sold commercially in the American market are similar or the same as 4G sold outside of the U.S. Furthermore, Echos for the American market often have similar SNR to 4G.

Apart from surpassing the aforementioned 4G standard, 4G branded image intensifiers are advertised to surpass mil-spec standards and feature:

* Ultra Fast Auto-Gating (UFAG)
* Less black spots
* Longer lifespan (at least 7000hrs)

===4G+===
Released in 2019, the 4G+ series builds on the technology of 4G with various improvements, leading to a minimum 2300 [[Figure of Merit (FOM)|FOM]], with unconfirmed sources claiming some tubes reaching up to 3000 [[Figure of Merit (FOM)|FOM]].<ref name=":0">https://www.photonis.com/system/files/2021-05/210507%20Leaflet%204G%2B_0.pdf</ref>

In 2016 Photonis patented the use of ''diffraction grating''<ref>https://patents.google.com/patent/EP2907154B1</ref> which suggests a 80% increase in [[Photocathode Sensitivity|photocathode sensitivity]].

Marketing material also mentions improvements in [[Microchannel Plate (MCP)|MCP]] technology.<ref name=":0" />Experts have linked these improvements to a second patent from 2019 indicating the use of a Gallium-Arsenide (GaAs) film to focus electrons emitted by the [[Microchannel Plate (MCP)|MCP]], leading to a alleged 81% improvement of the [[Modulation Transfer Function (MTF)|MTF]].<ref>https://patents.google.com/patent/EP3400469B1</ref>

=== 5G ===
In 2022, the CEO of Photonis USA, Larry J. Stack revealed on the forum snipershide.com that the 5G tubes will feature a drastically different flat form factor "specifically to be mated to a CMOS sensor for digital night vision" and a minimum FOM of 3000 with increased gain.<ref>https://www.snipershide.com/shooting/threads/photonis-pd-pro-b-review.7067200/post-10586927</ref><ref>https://www.snipershide.com/shooting/threads/photonis-pd-pro-b-review.7067200/post-11137599</ref>

In September 2023, the official YouTube account of Photonis Defense Inc. has further confirmed this in a comment on [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66sOQ0TkXb8 a YouTube video], mentioning the upcoming line of 5G image intensifiers "that will supersede 4G".

The available information hints at the 5G tubes sharing technology similar to [[Intevac#EBAPS|Intevac's EBAPS]] sensors.

== Night Vision Optics==
[[File:DEPEther-pvs14-milspec-eyepiece-comparison-Lorenzo.jpg|thumb|Visual comparison of mil-spec PVS-14 eyepiece (left) and DEP Ether eyepiece (right).]]

===Ether ocular lens===
[[#Company Structure|Photonis-DEP]] developed and produced a night vision ocular assembly named Ether for use with PVS-14 pattern devices.

Marketed as an upgrade lens, the Ether eyepiece is more lightweight and has a larger eyebox compared to other mil-spec oculars. In practical terms the larger eyebox is a combined effect of a slightly wider diameter and an increased convexity of the lens.

== Notes ==
<references group="Notes" />

== Further Reading ==

{{FurtherReading|Description=Photonis marketing material|Title=Differences between Gen3 and 4G|Link=https://www.photonis.com/system/files/2020-10/Difference_Gen3_4G_english_version.pdf}}

==References==
<references />
[[Category:Image Intensifier Manufacturers]]
[[Category:Manufacturers]]
[[Category:Device Manufacturer]]

Mullard

2025-06-23T16:56:06Z

Untrust: Created page with "Mullard was a British company that produced vacuum tubes and later image intensifiers. It became a subsidiary of Phillips in the late 1940s. The Mullard name was eventually dropped in 1988, being renamed to Philips Components Limited. While intial products were focused on valves for radio equipment, Mullard began producing other electron tubes and eventually semiconductor transistors."

Mullard was a British company that produced vacuum tubes and later image intensifiers. It became a subsidiary of Phillips in the late 1940s. The Mullard name was eventually dropped in 1988, being renamed to Philips Components Limited.

While intial products were focused on valves for radio equipment, Mullard began producing other electron tubes and eventually semiconductor transistors.

P8304BY

2025-06-23T16:35:57Z

Untrust: Categorised

[[File:P8304by.jpg|thumb|P8304by image intensifier tube]]
The P8304by is a second generation non-inverting tube with 43mm outer diameter, made by [[EEV]].

== Devices ==
The table below lists all devices using P8306BY image intensifier tubes for which a page exists on this wiki.{{#ask:
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Tube Format::P8306BY]]|?Housing Type|?Manufacturer|?Mount|format=table}}
[[Category:Formats]]

P8304BY

2025-06-23T16:35:24Z

Untrust: changed device table

P8304BY

2025-06-23T16:34:59Z

Untrust: Creation

[[File:P8304by.jpg|thumb|P8304by image intensifier tube]]
The P8304by is a second generation non-inverting tube with 43mm outer diameter, made by [[EEV]].

== Devices ==
The table below lists all devices using P8306BY image intensifier tubes for which a page exists on this wiki.{{#ask:
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Tube Format::MX-9916]]|?Housing Type|?Manufacturer|?Mount|format=table}}

File:P8304by.jpg

2025-06-23T16:32:31Z

Untrust: Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=A photo showing the side and front of an EEV p8304by image intensifier tube}}
|date=2025-06-23 16:49:37
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Untrust|Untrust]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-sa-4.0}}

Cyclop-1

2025-05-10T18:44:56Z

Untrust: Creation

The Cyclop-1 is a first generation night vision device made in Russia. It is powered by a 9v battery and features a momentary power button. The image will gradually dim unless the power button is held, or pressed again once the image becomes too dim. A large external handle with an integrated infrared illuminator can be attached.

{{DeviceInfoBox|name=Cyclop-1|manufacturer=ROMZ|image=Cyclop1 side.png|type=Monocular|format=EP33|fov-ver=|fov-hor=|mount=|objectives=M42 Cyclop f1.5 85mm lens|eyepieces=}}
[[Category:Devices]]

File:Cyclop 1 logo.jpg

2025-05-10T18:26:28Z

Untrust: Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=The front of a Cyclop 1 night vision device, showing the device name, ZOMZ logo and country of manufacture.}}
|date=2023-07-06 20:09:19
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Untrust|Untrust]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-sa-4.0}}

[[Category:Devices]]

File:Cyclop1 side.png

2025-05-10T18:21:40Z

Untrust: Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=A side view of the Cyclop 1 night vision device}}
|date=2023-07-06
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Untrust|Untrust]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-sa-4.0}}

[[Category:Devices]]

Rostov

2025-05-10T18:01:13Z

Untrust: Redirect to ROMZ

#REDIRECT [[ROMZ]]

ROMZ

2025-05-10T18:00:31Z

Untrust: Creation

[[File:ROMZ lens.jpg|thumb|The ROMZ logo, as seen on the lens of a night vision device.]]
ROMZ, Rostov Optical and Mechanical Factory, or Rostov, is a Russian manufacturer of night vision devices and lenses.

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Manufacturers]]

File:ROMZ lens.jpg

2025-05-10T17:58:44Z

Untrust:

A photo of the ROMZ logo as seen on a large night vision lens

Night Patriot

2025-04-06T17:24:22Z

Untrust: Tube format added

{{DeviceInfoBox
|name=Night Patriot
|manufacturer=ATN
|image=Nightpatriot.jpg|type=Monocular
|format=MX-9916
|fov-hor=40
|fov-ver=40
|mount=Proprietary
|objectives=C mount threaded
|eyepieces=Proprietary
}}

The Night Patriot is a monocular night vision device manufactured by [[ATN]]. The Night Patriot 2 and Night Patriot 3 devices are of generation 2 and 3 respectively.

== Features ==

* Single CR123a operation
* IR illuminator
* Two standard tripod thread mounting holes for accessories
* Wide range of accessories available
== Accessories ==
[[File:Nightpatriotcase1.jpg|alt=A Night Patriot 2 in its case with accessories|thumb|A Night Patriot 2 in its case with accessories]]
ATN released a number of different accessories for the Night Patriot series, releasing them in different "kits" containing multiple accessories. These accessories include different magnification lenses, scope reticle units, infrared illuminators and head mounting solutions.

==== Accessory list ====

* 90mm objective lens - A larger objective lens giving approximately 4x magnification.
* Objective doubler - Threads between the 90mm objective and the device, doubling the magnification. It is not possible to screw the 1x lens far enough into this doubler to focus correctly.
* 15mm eyepiece - An alternative eyepiece giving 2x magnification. The original eyepiece is 30mm.
* Illuminated scope reticle eyepiece - A red illuminated reticle unit that replaces the eyepiece. Uses a CR2032 battery. The brightness and zero of the reticle is adjustable.
* Bi - ocular eyepiece - Turns the unit into slightly magnified bi - ocular device. Intended to be used with the 90mm objective lens for 5x overall magnification.
* Infrared illuminator - A 450mw focusable infrared illuminator that attaches to the two mounting holes on the side of the device. Adjustable for windage and elevation. A similar illuminator is included with other ATN product lines. A proprietary wrench is included to allow the illuminator to be rotated for better access to its controls. Despite the accessory kit lists referring to a "Super long range" and "Long range" IR illuminator, no mention of these are made in ATN manuals.
* Scope adapter - Not referred to in ATN literature. Clamps to the 1x lens and allows for a scope to be positioned in front of it.

==== Accessory Kits ====
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Kit
!Accessories included
|-
|The Supreme Surveillance System
|4x / 90mm Objective lens
15mm Eyepiece
Objective doubler
Camera adapter
"Super long range" IR illuminator
Pelican case
Goggle Kit
|-
|The Ultimate
|4x / 90mm Objective lens
Illuminated reticle eyepiece
15mm eyepiece
Objective doubler
"Long range" IR illuminator
Camera adapter
Scope mounting rings
Pelican case
Goggle Kit
|-
|Goggle Kit
|Mounting arm
Skullcrusher
|-
|Bi-ocular Kit
|4x / 90mm Objective lens
Bi - ocular eyepiece
|}

== See also ==
https://www.atncorp.com/pdf/manuals/Night_Patriot_manual.pdf
[[Category:Devices]]

MX-9916

2025-04-06T17:23:21Z

Untrust: /* Devices */

[[File:MX9916 pink.png|thumb|A defective MX-9916 image intensifier, removed from a [[AN/PVS-5|AN/PVS5A]]]]
The MX-9916 is an inverting tube format with 43mm outer diameter.

== Devices ==
The table below lists all devices using MX-9916 image intensifier tubes for which a page exists on this wiki.{{#ask:
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Tube Format::MX-9916]]|?Housing Type|?Manufacturer|?Mount|format=table}}
[[Category:Formats]]

AN/PVS-5

2025-04-06T17:22:31Z

Untrust:

{{DeviceInfoBox|name=AN/PVS-5|manufacturer=Litton Industries|manufacturer-2=ITT|manufacturer-3=Varo, Inc.|image=Pvs5a 1.jpg|type=Binocular|format=MX-9916|fov-ver=40|fov-hor=40|mount=Head harness|objectives=For A, B, Proprietary; For C, PVS-14 compatible threading|eyepieces=Proprietary; PVS-15 and ENVIS compatible threading}}

The AN/PVS-5 is a second generation binocular first adopted by the US Army in 1972. It is an early second generation dual tube device consisting of three primary variants, the latter of which lasted in various Military/Gov't forces into the early 2000's.

== History ==
Among the first of western passive head mounted night vision devices, the PVS-5 series night vision goggle is an upgraded version of the prior SU-50 night vision goggles adopted by the USAF in 1971, and offered a significant advantage to ground troops over their prior SU-49/PAS-5 generation 0 goggles.

The AN/PVS-5 contains two 43mm inverting generation 2 image intensifier tubes, which were among the first to utilize a microchannel plate to increase the gain, allowing the device to be used passively without active infrared illumination.

== Design ==
The AN/PVS-5's two 43mm inverting image intensifier tubes are mounted to the unit in pods that can slide horizontally, linked by a pivoting bar to allow the user to adjust the unit to compensate for the user's interpupillary distance symmetrically, which can then be locked into place by tightening the wingnut in between the pods on the top. The pods can tilt vertically to allow the user to observe below or above them by tightening or loosening the threaded side knobs.

The housing of this unit features an outer plastic shell that is mounted to the user's face with a 3-strap head harness. A padded leather cushion is attached to the unit with snaps for the user's comfort.

While the objective focus of each pod can be individually adjusted by rotating the objective lens, the diopters are adjusted by rotating a ring that lies just behind the front of each pod, which is linked to its respective ocular lens assembly by a short rod. This allows the dioptre to be adjusted while the unit is being worn, as the outer shell would otherwise prevent access to the eyepieces.

Depending on the model, the unit is powered by either a single 3 volt BA-5567A/U lead-acid battery, or two 1.5 volt AA batteries.

On the bottom left hand side of the mask, a rotating power switch turns the unit either off, on, or is pulled down and rotated further to turn on the near-IR illuminator mounted between the pods.

== Features ==

* Two second generation image intensifier tubes
* Interpupillary, diopter, focus, and vertical angle adjustment
* Three-point head harness
* Detachable face cushion
* IR illuminator
* Infographic side panel detailing unit's use

== Tube specifications ==
The second generation, 43mm inverting MX-9916 tube (sometimes referred to as 'fat ANVIS') features the following Omni I contract specifications:<ref>https://aunv.blackice.com.au/forum?index=discussions&story=omni</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Gen II MX-9916
!lp/mm
!uA/lm
!@830
!SNR
!Gain>
!Gain<
!FOM
!EBI
!MTF25
!Halo
|-
|28
|240
|15
|4.5
|18,000
|25,000
|126
|2.5
|20@15
|1.37
|}

== Variants ==
The PVS-5 was produced in 3 U.S. Military contract versions, the A, B, and C. Litton sold various models on the commercial market under their own naming convention, swapping the olive drab outer shells for black ones.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Device
!Information
!Image
|-
|AN/PVS5A
|First production model introduced in 1972. Uses a BA-5567A/U battery inserted into a compartment underneath the device. Some A models were modernized with an outer shell that used standard AA batteries and was based on the C model's shell. The A model is characterized by small objective lenses with a deep blue tint.
|[[File:Pvs5a front.jpg|thumb|''AN/PVS5A as seen from the front, with BA-5567A/U battery'']]
|-
|AN/PVS5B
|Uses two AA batteries installed in a compartment running sideways along the top of the device, does not have a compartment for BA-5567A/U battery
|-
|AN/PVS5C
|Can use two AA batteries, each installed in their own compartment on either side of the top edges of the device or a BA-5567A/U battery in a compartment underneath the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5D
|Commercial upgrade to the PVS5C, with 3rd generation IITs and different lenses.
|
|-
|Litton M802
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A, with black plastic shell
|[[File:M802 Front.png|thumb|Litton M802]]
|-
|Litton M909
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A based model with black outer shell and plastic sleeves on the objective lenses, as well as a thicker face pad
|
|-
|Litton M915A/M912A
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5B based model with a black plastic shell.
|
|}

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Devices]]

MX-9916

2025-04-06T17:21:23Z

Untrust: /* Devices */

[[File:MX9916 pink.png|thumb|A defective MX-9916 image intensifier, removed from a [[AN/PVS-5|AN/PVS5A]]]]
The MX-9916 is an inverting tube format with 43mm outer diameter.

== Devices ==
{{#ask:
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Tube Format::MX-9916]]|?Housing Type|?Manufacturer|?Mount|format=table}}
[[Category:Formats]]

MX-9916

2025-04-06T17:19:55Z

Untrust: Creation

File:MX9916 pink.png

2025-04-06T17:13:29Z

Untrust: Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=A MX9916 image intensifier, non functional}}
|date=2025-04-06
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Untrust|Untrust]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-sa-4.0}}

[[Category:Formats]]

AN/PVS-5

2025-04-06T16:57:59Z

Untrust: Added M802 image

{{DeviceInfoBox|name=AN/PVS-5|manufacturer=Litton Industries|manufacturer-2=ITT|manufacturer-3=Varo, Inc.|image=Pvs5a 1.jpg|type=Binocular|format=MX-9916 / 43mm Inverting / Fat ANVIS|fov-ver=40|fov-hor=40|mount=Head harness|objectives=For A, B, Proprietary; For C, PVS-14 compatible threading|eyepieces=Proprietary; PVS-15 and ENVIS compatible threading}}

The AN/PVS-5 is a second generation binocular first adopted by the US Army in 1972. It is an early second generation dual tube device consisting of three primary variants, the latter of which lasted in various Military/Gov't forces into the early 2000's.

== History ==
Among the first of western passive head mounted night vision devices, the PVS-5 series night vision goggle is an upgraded version of the prior SU-50 night vision goggles adopted by the USAF in 1971, and offered a significant advantage to ground troops over their prior SU-49/PAS-5 generation 0 goggles.

The AN/PVS-5 contains two 43mm inverting generation 2 image intensifier tubes, which were among the first to utilize a microchannel plate to increase the gain, allowing the device to be used passively without active infrared illumination.

== Design ==
The AN/PVS-5's two 43mm inverting image intensifier tubes are mounted to the unit in pods that can slide horizontally, linked by a pivoting bar to allow the user to adjust the unit to compensate for the user's interpupillary distance symmetrically, which can then be locked into place by tightening the wingnut in between the pods on the top. The pods can tilt vertically to allow the user to observe below or above them by tightening or loosening the threaded side knobs.

The housing of this unit features an outer plastic shell that is mounted to the user's face with a 3-strap head harness. A padded leather cushion is attached to the unit with snaps for the user's comfort.

While the objective focus of each pod can be individually adjusted by rotating the objective lens, the diopters are adjusted by rotating a ring that lies just behind the front of each pod, which is linked to its respective ocular lens assembly by a short rod. This allows the dioptre to be adjusted while the unit is being worn, as the outer shell would otherwise prevent access to the eyepieces.

Depending on the model, the unit is powered by either a single 3 volt BA-5567A/U lead-acid battery, or two 1.5 volt AA batteries.

On the bottom left hand side of the mask, a rotating power switch turns the unit either off, on, or is pulled down and rotated further to turn on the near-IR illuminator mounted between the pods.

== Features ==

* Two second generation image intensifier tubes
* Interpupillary, diopter, focus, and vertical angle adjustment
* Three-point head harness
* Detachable face cushion
* IR illuminator
* Infographic side panel detailing unit's use

== Tube specifications ==
The second generation, 43mm inverting MX-9916 tube (sometimes referred to as 'fat ANVIS') features the following Omni I contract specifications:<ref>https://aunv.blackice.com.au/forum?index=discussions&story=omni</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Gen II MX-9916
!lp/mm
!uA/lm
!@830
!SNR
!Gain>
!Gain<
!FOM
!EBI
!MTF25
!Halo
|-
|28
|240
|15
|4.5
|18,000
|25,000
|126
|2.5
|20@15
|1.37
|}

== Variants ==
The PVS-5 was produced in 3 U.S. Military contract versions, the A, B, and C. Litton sold various models on the commercial market under their own naming convention, swapping the olive drab outer shells for black ones.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Device
!Information
!Image
|-
|AN/PVS5A
|First production model introduced in 1972. Uses a BA-5567A/U battery inserted into a compartment underneath the device. Some A models were modernized with an outer shell that used standard AA batteries and was based on the C model's shell. The A model is characterized by small objective lenses with a deep blue tint.
|[[File:Pvs5a front.jpg|thumb|''AN/PVS5A as seen from the front, with BA-5567A/U battery'']]
|-
|AN/PVS5B
|Uses two AA batteries installed in a compartment running sideways along the top of the device, does not have a compartment for BA-5567A/U battery
|-
|AN/PVS5C
|Can use two AA batteries, each installed in their own compartment on either side of the top edges of the device or a BA-5567A/U battery in a compartment underneath the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5D
|Commercial upgrade to the PVS5C, with 3rd generation IITs and different lenses.
|
|-
|Litton M802
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A, with black plastic shell
|[[File:M802 Front.png|thumb|Litton M802]]
|-
|Litton M909
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A based model with black outer shell and plastic sleeves on the objective lenses, as well as a thicker face pad
|
|-
|Litton M915A/M912A
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5B based model with a black plastic shell.
|
|}

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Devices]]

File:M802 Front.png

2025-04-06T16:56:43Z

Untrust: Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=Litton M802 / AN/PVS5A, front view}}
|date=2025-04-06
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Untrust|Untrust]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-sa-4.0}}

[[Category:Devices]]

AN/PVS-5

2025-03-20T22:21:21Z

Untrust: Fixed link to ITT

{{DeviceInfoBox|name=AN/PVS-5|manufacturer=Litton Industries|manufacturer-2=ITT|manufacturer-3=Varo, Inc.|image=Pvs5a 1.jpg|type=Binocular|format=MX-9916 / 43mm Inverting / Fat ANVIS|fov-ver=40|fov-hor=40|mount=Head harness|objectives=For A, B, Proprietary; For C, PVS-14 compatible threading|eyepieces=Proprietary; PVS-15 and ENVIS compatible threading}}

The AN/PVS-5 is a second generation binocular first adopted by the US Army in 1972. It is an early second generation dual tube device consisting of three primary variants, the latter of which lasted in various Military/Gov't forces into the early 2000's.

== History ==
Among the first of western passive head mounted night vision devices, the PVS-5 series night vision goggle is an upgraded version of the prior SU-50 night vision goggles adopted by the USAF in 1971, and offered a significant advantage to ground troops over their prior SU-49/PAS-5 generation 0 goggles.

The AN/PVS-5 contains two 43mm inverting generation 2 image intensifier tubes, which were among the first to utilize a microchannel plate to increase the gain, allowing the device to be used passively without active infrared illumination.

== Design ==
The AN/PVS-5's two 43mm inverting image intensifier tubes are mounted to the unit in pods that can slide horizontally, linked by a pivoting bar to allow the user to adjust the unit to compensate for the user's interpupillary distance symmetrically, which can then be locked into place by tightening the wingnut in between the pods on the top. The pods can tilt vertically to allow the user to observe below or above them by tightening or loosening the threaded side knobs.

The housing of this unit features an outer plastic shell that is mounted to the user's face with a 3-strap head harness. A padded leather cushion is attached to the unit with snaps for the user's comfort.

While the objective focus of each pod can be individually adjusted by rotating the objective lens, the diopters are adjusted by rotating a ring that lies just behind the front of each pod, which is linked to its respective ocular lens assembly by a short rod. This allows the dioptre to be adjusted while the unit is being worn, as the outer shell would otherwise prevent access to the eyepieces.

Depending on the model, the unit is powered by either a single 3 volt BA-5567A/U lead-acid battery, or two 1.5 volt AA batteries.

On the bottom left hand side of the mask, a rotating power switch turns the unit either off, on, or is pulled down and rotated further to turn on the near-IR illuminator mounted between the pods.

== Features ==

* Two second generation image intensifier tubes
* Interpupillary, diopter, focus, and vertical angle adjustment
* Three-point head harness
* Detachable face cushion
* IR illuminator
* Infographic side panel detailing unit's use

== Tube specifications ==
The second generation, 43mm inverting MX-9916 tube (sometimes referred to as 'fat ANVIS') features the following Omni I contract specifications:<ref>https://aunv.blackice.com.au/forum?index=discussions&story=omni</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Gen II MX-9916
!lp/mm
!uA/lm
!@830
!SNR
!Gain>
!Gain<
!FOM
!EBI
!MTF25
!Halo
|-
|28
|240
|15
|4.5
|18,000
|25,000
|126
|2.5
|20@15
|1.37
|}

== Variants ==
The PVS-5 was produced in 3 U.S. Military contract versions, the A, B, and C. Litton sold various models on the commercial market under their own naming convention, swapping the olive drab outer shells for black ones.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Device
!Information
!Image
|-
|AN/PVS5A
|First production model introduced in 1972. Uses a BA-5567A/U battery inserted into a compartment underneath the device. Some A models were modernized with an outer shell that used standard AA batteries and was based on the C model's shell. The A model is characterized by small objective lenses with a deep blue tint.
|[[File:Pvs5a front.jpg|thumb|''AN/PVS5A as seen from the front, with BA-5567A/U battery'']]
|-
|AN/PVS5B
|Uses two AA batteries installed in a compartment running sideways along the top of the device, does not have a compartment for BA-5567A/U battery
|-
|AN/PVS5C
|Can use two AA batteries, each installed in their own compartment on either side of the top edges of the device or a BA-5567A/U battery in a compartment underneath the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5D
|Commercial upgrade to the PVS5C, with 3rd generation IITs and different lenses.
|
|-
|Litton M802
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A, with black plastic shell
|
|-
|Litton M909
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A based model with black outer shell and plastic sleeves on the objective lenses, as well as a thicker face pad
|
|-
|Litton M915A/M912A
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5B based model with a black plastic shell.
|
|}

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Devices]]

AN/PVS-5

2025-03-20T22:18:40Z

Untrust: Reword and cleanup, removed dead image link

{{DeviceInfoBox|name=AN/PVS-5|manufacturer=Litton Industries|manufacturer-2=ITT, Inc.|manufacturer-3=Varo, Inc.|image=Pvs5a 1.jpg|type=Binocular|format=MX-9916 / 43mm Inverting / Fat ANVIS|fov-ver=40|fov-hor=40|mount=Head harness|objectives=For A, B, Proprietary; For C, PVS-14 compatible threading|eyepieces=Proprietary; PVS-15 and ENVIS compatible threading}}

The AN/PVS-5 is a second generation binocular first adopted by the US Army in 1972. It is an early second generation dual tube device consisting of three primary variants, the latter of which lasted in various Military/Gov't forces into the early 2000's.

== History ==
Among the first of western passive head mounted night vision devices, the PVS-5 series night vision goggle is an upgraded version of the prior SU-50 night vision goggles adopted by the USAF in 1971, and offered a significant advantage to ground troops over their prior SU-49/PAS-5 generation 0 goggles.

The AN/PVS-5 contains two 43mm inverting generation 2 image intensifier tubes, which were among the first to utilize a microchannel plate to increase the gain, allowing the device to be used passively without active infrared illumination.

== Design ==
The AN/PVS-5's two 43mm inverting image intensifier tubes are mounted to the unit in pods that can slide horizontally, linked by a pivoting bar to allow the user to adjust the unit to compensate for the user's interpupillary distance symmetrically, which can then be locked into place by tightening the wingnut in between the pods on the top. The pods can tilt vertically to allow the user to observe below or above them by tightening or loosening the threaded side knobs.

The housing of this unit features an outer plastic shell that is mounted to the user's face with a 3-strap head harness. A padded leather cushion is attached to the unit with snaps for the user's comfort.

While the objective focus of each pod can be individually adjusted by rotating the objective lens, the diopters are adjusted by rotating a ring that lies just behind the front of each pod, which is linked to its respective ocular lens assembly by a short rod. This allows the dioptre to be adjusted while the unit is being worn, as the outer shell would otherwise prevent access to the eyepieces.

Depending on the model, the unit is powered by either a single 3 volt BA-5567A/U lead-acid battery, or two 1.5 volt AA batteries.

On the bottom left hand side of the mask, a rotating power switch turns the unit either off, on, or is pulled down and rotated further to turn on the near-IR illuminator mounted between the pods.

== Features ==

* Two second generation image intensifier tubes
* Interpupillary, diopter, focus, and vertical angle adjustment
* Three-point head harness
* Detachable face cushion
* IR illuminator
* Infographic side panel detailing unit's use

== Tube specifications ==
The second generation, 43mm inverting MX-9916 tube (sometimes referred to as 'fat ANVIS') features the following Omni I contract specifications:<ref>https://aunv.blackice.com.au/forum?index=discussions&story=omni</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Gen II MX-9916
!lp/mm
!uA/lm
!@830
!SNR
!Gain>
!Gain<
!FOM
!EBI
!MTF25
!Halo
|-
|28
|240
|15
|4.5
|18,000
|25,000
|126
|2.5
|20@15
|1.37
|}

== Variants ==
The PVS-5 was produced in 3 U.S. Military contract versions, the A, B, and C. Litton sold various models on the commercial market under their own naming convention, swapping the olive drab outer shells for black ones.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Device
!Information
!Image
|-
|AN/PVS5A
|First production model introduced in 1972. Uses a BA-5567A/U battery inserted into a compartment underneath the device. Some A models were modernized with an outer shell that used standard AA batteries and was based on the C model's shell. The A model is characterized by small objective lenses with a deep blue tint.
|[[File:Pvs5a front.jpg|thumb|''AN/PVS5A as seen from the front, with BA-5567A/U battery'']]
|-
|AN/PVS5B
|Uses two AA batteries installed in a compartment running sideways along the top of the device, does not have a compartment for BA-5567A/U battery
|-
|AN/PVS5C
|Can use two AA batteries, each installed in their own compartment on either side of the top edges of the device or a BA-5567A/U battery in a compartment underneath the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5D
|Commercial upgrade to the PVS5C, with 3rd generation IITs and different lenses.
|
|-
|Litton M802
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A, with black plastic shell
|
|-
|Litton M909
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A based model with black outer shell and plastic sleeves on the objective lenses, as well as a thicker face pad
|
|-
|Litton M915A/M912A
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5B based model with a black plastic shell.
|
|}

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Devices]]

AN/PVS-2

2025-03-18T01:28:03Z

Untrust:

{{Stub}}

The AN/PVS-2 is a first generation night vision scope, utilising a cascaded image intensifier. The lenses of the device are thoriated.<ref>https://www.nrc.gov/docs/ML0635/ML063530621.pdf</ref>

=== IWS (Weapon-Sight, Image Intensified) ===
The IWS is the British analogue to the US AN/PVS2. It uses a different objective lens and could be mounted to a variety of weapons, including the L1A1 SLR and Enfield L42A1. Later models made use of the more advanced [[P8079HP]] tube.

== Further Reading ==
{{FurtherReading|Title=AN/PVS-2 Starlight Scope: Night Vision Comes of Age|Description=A deep dive by YouTube channel "Our Own Devices"|Link=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=c0g8Dok5RQI}}

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Devices]]

MX9644

2025-03-18T01:18:46Z

Untrust: Untrust moved page MX9644 to MX-9644: Misspelled title

#REDIRECT [[MX-9644]]

MX-9644

2025-03-18T01:18:46Z

Untrust: Untrust moved page MX9644 to MX-9644: Misspelled title

The MX9644 is a tube format of American origin.

=== EP-10 ===
The EP-10 is a tube format that is a copy of the MX9644 while using electrostatic focusing. This leads to more severe distortion. Used in the [[1PN50]] and [[1PN51]].
[[Category:Formats]]

User:Untrust

2025-03-18T01:16:59Z

Untrust:

Hey,

I've got experience with the following stuff:

[[P8079HP]]

[[Baigish 20A]] - I could probably take one apart blindfolded now lol

Cyclop 1, NV100, [[NSZP-3]]

EEV P8306C, ATN MK6500, [[Night Patriot|ATN Night Patriot 2]], [[AN/PVS-5|AN/PVS5A]], [[AN/PVS-5|Litton M802]], [[Fero D51]], XX1411

[[AN/PVS-14|AN/PVS14]], GEO-NVG1, [[AN/PVS-7]]

AN/PVS-5

2025-03-18T01:11:35Z

Untrust:

{{DeviceInfoBox|name=AN/PVS-5|manufacturer=Litton Industries|manufacturer-2=ITT, Inc.|manufacturer-3=Varo, Inc.|image=Pvs5a 1.jpg|type=Binocular|format=MX-9916 / 43mm Inverting / Fat ANVIS|fov-ver=40|fov-hor=40|mount=Head harness|objectives=For A, B, Proprietary; For C, PVS-14 compatible threading|eyepieces=Proprietary; PVS-15 and ENVIS compatible threading}}

The AN/PVS-5 is a second generation binocular first adopted by the US Army in 1972. It is an early second generation dual tube device consisting of three primary variants, the latter of which lasted in various Military/Gov't forces into the early 2000's.

== History ==
Among the first of western passive head mounted night vision devices, the PVS-5 series night vision goggle is an upgraded version of the prior SU-50 night vision goggles adopted by the USAF in 1971, and offered a significant advantage to ground troops over their prior SU-49/PAS-5 first generation goggles.

The AN/PVS-5 contains two 43mm inverting generation 2 image intensifier tubes, which were among the first to utilize a microchannel plate to increase the gain yield and make passive use without an active source of near-IR lighting possible.

== Usage ==
The AN/PVS-5's two 43mm inverting image intensifier tubes are mounted to the unit in pods that can slide horizontally, linked by a pivoting bar to allow the user to adjust the unit to compensate for the user's interpupillary distance symmetrically, which can then be locked into place by tightening the wingnut in between the pods on the top. In addition, the pods can tilt vertically to allow the user to observe below or above them by tightening or loosening the threaded side knobs.

The housing of this unit features an olive green or black plastic shell (depending on if the unit is standard U.S. Military contract produced or a Litton nonstandard variant) that is mounted to the user's face with a 3-strap head harness. A leather face cushion is attached to the unit with snaps for the user's comfort.

The focus of each pod can be individually adjusted by rotating the objective lens, and the diopters can be adjusted by rotating the posts sticking out from the ring that goes around the front of each pod, which is linked to its respective ocular lens assembly for ease of adjustment.

Depending on the generation, the unit is powered by either a single 3 volt BA-5567A/U lead-acid battery, or two 1.5 volt AA batteries.

On the bottom left hand side of the mask, a rotating power switch turns the unit either off, on, or is pulled down and rotated further to turn on the near-IR illuminator mounted between the pods.

== Features ==

* Two passive second generation MX-9916 image intensifier tubes (with exception to the generation III AN/PVS-5D variant)
* Interpupillary, diopter, focus, and vertical angle adjustment
* Three-point head harness
* Detachable face cushion
* Near-IR illumination
* Infographic side panel detailing unit's use

== Tube specifications ==
The second generation, 43mm inverting MX-9916 tube (sometimes referred to as 'fat ANVIS') features the following Omni I contract specifications:<ref>https://aunv.blackice.com.au/forum?index=discussions&story=omni</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Gen II MX-9916
!lp/mm
!uA/lm
!@830
!SNR
!Gain>
!Gain<
!FOM
!EBI
!MTF25
!Halo
|-
|28
|240
|15
|4.5
|18,000
|25,000
|126
|2.5
|20@15
|1.37
|}

== Variants ==
The PVS-5 was produced in 4 U.S. Military contract versions, the A, B, C, and a rare third generation D model. Non-standard variants used by U.S. and Foreign militaries were also produced by Litton, such as the M-909 and M-915A.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Device
!Information
!Image
|-
|AN/PVS5A
|First production model introduced in 1972. Uses a BA-5567A/U battery inserted into a compartment underneath the device. Some A models were modernized with an outer shell that used standard AA batteries and was based on the C model's shell.
|[[File:Pvs5a front.jpg|thumb|''AN/PVS5A as seen from the front, with BA-5567A/U battery'']]
|-
|AN/PVS5B
|Can use two AA batteries installed in a compartment running sideways along the top of the device or a BA-5567A/U battery in a compartment underneath the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5C
|Can use two AA batteries, each installed in their own compartment on either side of the top corners of the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5D
|Commercial upgrade to the PVS5C, with 3rd generation IITs and visibly different lenses.
|
|-
|Litton M802
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A, with black plastic shell
|
|-
|Litton M909
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A based model with black outer shell and plastic sleeves on the objective lenses, as well as a thicker face pad
|
|-
|Litton M915A/M912A
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5B based model with a black plastic shell.
|
|}

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Devices]]

AN/PVS-5

2025-03-18T01:06:18Z

Untrust:

{{DeviceInfoBox|name=AN/PVS-5|manufacturer=Litton Industries|manufacturer-2=ITT, Inc.|manufacturer-3=Varo, Inc.|image=Pvs5a 1.jpg|type=Binocular|format=MX-9916 / 43mm Inverting / Fat ANVIS|fov-ver=40|fov-hor=40|mount=Head harness|objectives=For A, B, Proprietary; For C, PVS-14 compatible threading|eyepieces=Proprietary; PVS-15 and ENVIS compatible threading}}

The AN/PVS-5 is a second generation binocular first adopted by the US Army in 1972. It is an early second generation dual tube device consisting of three primary variants, the latter of which lasted in various Military/Gov't forces into the early 2000's.

== History ==
Among the first of western passive head mounted night vision devices, the PVS-5 series night vision goggle is an upgraded version of the prior SU-50 night vision goggles adopted by the USAF in 1971, and offered a significant advantage to ground troops over their prior SU-49/PAS-5 first generation goggles.

The AN/PVS-5 contains two 43mm inverting generation 2 image intensifier tubes, which were among the first to utilize a microchannel plate to increase the gain yield and make passive use without an active source of near-IR lighting possible.

== Usage ==
The AN/PVS-5's two 43mm inverting image intensifier tubes are mounted to the unit in pods that can slide horizontally, linked by a pivoting bar to allow the user to adjust the unit to compensate for the user's interpupillary distance symmetrically, which can then be locked into place by tightening the wingnut in between the pods on the top. In addition, the pods can tilt vertically to allow the user to observe below or above them by tightening or loosening the threaded side knobs.

The housing of this unit features an olive green or black plastic shell (depending on if the unit is standard U.S. Military contract produced or a Litton nonstandard variant) that is mounted to the user's face with a 3-strap head harness. A leather face cushion is attached to the unit with snaps for the user's comfort.

The focus of each pod can be individually adjusted by rotating the objective lens, and the diopters can be adjusted by rotating the posts sticking out from the ring that goes around the front of each pod, which is linked to its respective ocular lens assembly for ease of adjustment.

Depending on the generation, the unit is powered by either a single 3 volt BA-5567A/U lead-acid battery, or two 1.5 volt AA batteries.

On the bottom left hand side of the mask, a rotating power switch turns the unit either off, on, or is pulled down and rotated further to turn on the near-IR illuminator mounted between the pods.

== Features ==

* Two passive second generation MX-9916 image intensifier tubes (with exception to the generation III AN/PVS-5D variant)
* Interpupillary, diopter, focus, and vertical angle adjustment
* Three-point head harness
* Detachable face cushion
* Near-IR illumination
* Infographic side panel detailing unit's use

== Tube specifications ==
The second generation, 43mm inverting MX-9916 tube (sometimes referred to as 'fat ANVIS') features the following Omni I contract specifications:<ref>https://aunv.blackice.com.au/forum?index=discussions&story=omni</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Gen II MX-9916
!lp/mm
!uA/lm
!@830
!SNR
!Gain>
!Gain<
!FOM
!EBI
!MTF25
!Halo
|-
|28
|240
|15
|4.5
|18,000
|25,000
|126
|2.5
|20@15
|1.37
|}

== Variants ==
The PVS-5 was produced in 4 U.S. Military contract versions, the A, B, C, and a rare third generation D model. Non-standard variants used by U.S. and Foreign militaries were also produced by Litton, such as the M-909 and M-915A.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Device
!Information
!Image
|-
|AN/PVS5A
|First production model introduced in 1972. Uses a BA-5567A/U battery inserted into a compartment underneath the device. Some A models were modernized with an outer shell that used standard AA batteries and was based on the C model's shell.
|[[File:Pvs5a front.jpg|thumb|''AN/PVS5A as seen from the front, with BA-5567A/U battery'']]
|-
|AN/PVS5B
|Can use two AA batteries installed in a compartment running sideways along the top of the device or a BA-5567A/U battery in a compartment underneath the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5C
|Can use two AA batteries, each installed in their own compartment on either side of the top corners of the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5D
|Commercial upgrade to the PVS5C, with 3rd generation IITs and visibly different lenses.
|
|-
|Litton M909
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5A based model with upgraded gain and a black plastic shell.
|
|-
|Litton M915A/M912A
|Litton produced AN/PVS-5B based model with a black plastic shell.
|
|}

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Devices]]

AN/PVS-5

2024-11-15T18:32:00Z

Untrust: Creation

The AN/PVS-5 is a second generation binocular first adopted by the US Army in 1972.

== Variants ==
{{DeviceInfoBox|name=AN/PVS5|manufacturer=|image=Pvs5a 1.jpg|type=Binocular|format=MX-9916|fov-ver=|fov-hor=|mount=|objectives=|eyepieces=}}
The PVS-5 was produced in 3 versions, the A, B and C.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Device
!Information
!Image
|-
|AN/PVS5A
|First production model introduced in 1972. Uses a BA-5567A/U battery inserted into a compartment underneath the device. Some A models were modernised with an outer shell that used standard AA batteries.
|[[File:Pvs5a front.jpg|thumb|''AN/PVS5A as seen from the front, with BA-5567A/U battery'']]
|-
|AN/PVS5B
|Can use two AA batteries installed in a compartment running sideways along the top of the device.
|
|-
|AN/PVS5C
|Can use two AA batteries, each installed in their own compartment on either side of the device.
|
|}
[[Category:Devices]]

File:Pvs5a front.jpg

2024-11-15T18:30:15Z

Untrust: Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=The front of a PVS5A binocular}}
|date=2024-10-26 16:46:21
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Untrust|Untrust]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-sa-4.0}}

[[Category:Devices]]

File:Pvs5a 1.jpg

2024-11-15T18:21:06Z

Untrust: Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=A photo of the front side of a AN/PVS5A night vision device}}
|date=2024-10-26 16:45:48
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Untrust|Untrust]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-sa-4.0}}

[[Category:Devices]]

P8079HP

2024-11-15T01:38:01Z

Untrust: Reference datasheet

[[File:P8079hp.jpg|thumb|P8079HP Image intensifier]]
The P8079HP is a three-stage cascade inverted first generation image intensifier tube with a P20 phosphor screen and integrated power supply, It requires a voltage of 6.75V, though operational performance is maintained until 4.5V.

Although very large (196mm length, 70mm diameter), and with a strong pincushion effect in the output image, due to the three cascading stages the performance is comparable to later generation image intensifiers.
{{TubeSpecs|phosphor=P20|res-typ=40|lum-sens-typ=300|screen-dia=25}}<ref>https://www.nightlase.com.au/content/docs/EEV_P8079HP.pdf</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Formats]]

Image Intensifier

2024-11-15T01:34:48Z

Untrust: /* Formats */ Added missing links

An image intensifier (abbreviation: II or I²) is an electro-optical component that can produce an intensified monochrome image on a [[Phosphor Screen|phosphor screen]] from a cone of incoming light, intended to intensify the signal beyond what optics and digital sensors are capable of.

In the field of night vision, image intensifier refers to image intensifier ''tubes'' which are miniaturized image intensifiers (usually in tubular shape) that form the core component of any night vision device.

Image intensifier tubes are inserted into a housing that otherwise only provides optics, power supply, and protection of the sensitive component. Many formats of image intensifier tubes are designed to be exchangable with limited tooling and know-how, originally intended to allow armies to replace damaged image intensifier tubes by an engineer during deployment.

== Generations ==
The U.S. Army's Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) categorizes image intensifiers into four distinct generations. With each generation, a change in the technology has lead to substantial performance improvements.<ref>Night Vision Technologies Handbook https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/NV-Tech-HB_1013-508.pdf</ref>

Although the generation of any given image intensifier will quickly provide a rough understanding of what to expect from it, it is not a replacement for accurate performance parameters (e.g. [[Figure of Merit (FOM)|FOM]], [[Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)|SNR]], [[Gain]]), as these can vary wildly for different image intensifiers of the same generation. The relevant agencies of the U.S. government have since recognized this circumstance and have mostly stopped using generations to refer to image intensifiers in their specifications, and instead use the [[Figure of Merit (FOM)]] for most purposes.

Some manufacturers and retailers use a ''+'' to indicate intra-generational improvements, e.g. ''Gen. 2+''. This practice is not part of the official specification and can be defined differently by anyone.

=== Generation 0 ===
Generation 0 was invented in 1929 by a Hungarian scientist in the UK. First uses where in World War II by the Germans, later the Soviets and the Americans.

Gen. 0 tubes don't have any or only very low [[gain]] of a around 10 and thus rely on strong IR illumination.

Gen. 0 tubes utilize S-1 photocathodes, that have a quantum efficiency of 0.5% in the IR spectrum and 1% in the UV spectrum.

'''Examples of Gen 0 devices'''

*Vampir
*M2 & M3 Sniperscope
*PNV57A

=== Generation 1/0+===
Generation 1, developed and patented in the 1960s, improved the gain to around 1000 fL/fc. This enabled the use of Gen. 1 devices under moonlight conditions without the use of IR illumination.

Later developments include the glass in the body being replaced with ceramic, improving the gain even further. These devices are sometimes referred to as Gen. 1+.

Some devices used multiple tubes in a cascade configuration, leading to improvements in [[gain]] of up to 100,000 fL/fc, but with very low [[Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)|SNR]].

'''Examples of Gen 1 devices'''

*AN/PAS 2 Starlight
* [[Armasight]] Spark

Russian Gen. 1/0+ tubes made by [[Ekran FEP|Ekran]] are also found in most cheap consumer devices.

===Generation 2===

The Generation 2 was developed in the 1970s and was the first generation using a [[Microchannel Plate (MCP)]], which substantially increased the [[gain]] to around 20k fL/fc. During this time, due to drastic innovations in the semiconductor space, the first widespread integration of the [[Power Supply Unit (PSU)|PSU]] with the tube in a single, modern package appears.

Generation 2 IITs are usually produced with either P20, P22, P43 or P45 [[Phosphor Screen|phosphor screens]].

Some manufacturers, like [[Photonis Technologies SAS|Photonis]], have continued developing their Gen. 2 technology without ever developing a Gen. 3 production line. Nontheless they have succeeded in pushing the envelope with their image intensifiers matching Gen. 3 performance, most recently even producing image intensifiers with [[gain]] levels above 60k fL/fc.

'''Examples of Gen 2 devices'''

*[[Simrad GN-1|GN-1]] employed Gen 2 IIT upon release.

===Generation 3===
{{Unverified}}
The photocathode is made using gallium arsenide and the refined [[Microchannel Plate (MCP)|MCP]] technology is coated with an Aluminum oxide layer called ion barrier film to prolong the tubes functional life by preventing the occasionally released ion to damage the [[Microchannel Plate (MCP)|MCP]], a process called ion-poisoning which drastically diminishes the plates functional lifespan. The downside of this ion film is that it somewhat restricts the amount of electrons that pass through it thereby detracting some of the intensification. The so called haloing-effect was also increased by this film, something that lessens the practical performance since it may obscure parts of what is being observed.

Subsequent development of the technology led to "thin-film" tubes among other solutions to lessen the impact of the ion barrier on gain and resolution. Since the beginnings of thin-film IIT it has become so commonplace that instead of being singled out as having thin ion barrier film the earlier image intensifiers are nowadays referred to as "thick-film" instead.

Gen. 3 tubes are usually produced with either P43 or P45 [[Phosphor Screen|phosphor screens]]. [[Adams Industries]] sold a Sentinel-CNV "color" night vision binocular where each optical channel had differently filtered input, each channel seeing different parts of the spectrum, and output as two colors, with one side having a red phosphor<ref>https://www.adamsindustries.com/</ref> screen, with green P43 on the other.

Gen 3 image intensifier [[gain]] is often set in the range of 40k to 80k fL/fc. High gain variants are set to 100k to 120k fL/fc.

'''Examples of Gen 3 devices'''

*[[AN/PVS-14]]
*[[AN/PVS-31]]
*[[MNV-K]]
*[[Excelitas Kite Mk. 4]]

====Filmless====
As a logical next step, manufacturers such as [[Litton Industries|Litton]] (now [[L3Harris]]) began developing third generation image intensifiers without an ion barrier film in the 1990s. Albeit successful in creating even higher performing image intensifiers, the early iterations suffered from shorter lifespans and less durability in addition to higher production cost. The first [[Omnibus]] containing filmless image intensifiers was Omni V. Both [[ITT Industries|ITT]] and [[Litton Industries|Litton]] (NGEOS) were given contracts for Gen 4 [[MX-10160#MX-10160B/AVS-6|MX-10160B]] tubes. There is some evidence that Litton achieved filmless image intensifiers that reached [[Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)|SNR]] figures over 35, with the lifetime being around 7500 hours which was also the required minimum. It is unclear what exactly happened, and why the Gen 4 designation was dropped. On their webpage [[ITT Industries|ITT]] wrote about the development of the so called Pinnacle technology<ref>Gen 4, Omni V and VI, and Pinnacle technology https://web.archive.org/web/20060324232309/http://www.nightvision.com/military/cs_gen3pinnacle.html</ref>, an autogated image intensifier tube with a thinner ion barrier film, where they mention receiving a $40mil Navy order for filmless [[AN/AVS-9|F4949]] sets. ITT writes they could not keep up with the requirements, and the U.S. Navy reverted back to buying the older Omni IV regular ion barrier image intensifier tubes. [[Litton Industries|Litton]], later [[L3]], continued developing filmless technology. During the next 10 to 15 years the U.S. military bought [[L3]] filmless image intensifier tubes for special use cases. Probably the best known early example is the [[AN/PVS-15]] that used [[L3]] manufactured filmless technology [[MX-10160#MX-10160B/AVS-6|MX-10160B]]<nowiki/>s (also filmless MX-10160WG), NSN (5855-01-548-9651) assigned on 8 Mar 2007.

[[L3Harris]] stands out as the sole western producer of filmless image intensifier tubes, having patented the process. The only other eastern producer is [[Ekran FEP]].

=== Generation 4 ===
The official specification does not include Generation 4 any more, as even the most modern filmless image intensifier tubes still fall under the definition of Generation 3.

== Terminology ==
While the American system for determining generations is quite clear cut, some systems like the Russian one aren't the same. The following table will shot the various definitions of tube generations. The Russian system exists because the Soviets never really had a generation system. The photocathode type was the only thing ever given, and even this is rare. Anything above the second generation carries the same designation, as those technologies were developed after the West.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Tube type
!Western designation
!Russian desigantion
!Common Marketing term
|-
|Single chamber electrostatically focused with S-1 photocathode
|Generation 0
|Generation 0
|Generation 0
|-
|Single chamber electrostatically focused with S-20/25 photocathode
|Generation 1
|Generation 0+
|Generation 1
|-
|Single chamber electrostatically focused with S-20/25 photocathode and spherical photocathode
|Generation 1
|Generation 0+ (sometimes the spherical nature is specified)
|Generation 1+/CF super
|-
|Single chamber electrostatically focused with S-20/25 photocathode and spherical photocathode and fiber optic input/output
|Generation 1
|Generation 0+ (usually the fiber optic is noted)
|Generation 1+
|-
|Multiple chamber cascade tube with S-1/20/25 input photocathode
|Generation 1 (usually just called cascade without further specification)
|Generation 1
|Cascade
|-
|Image intensifier with a microchannel plate and S-20/25 photocathode
|Generation 2
|Generation 2
|Generation 2
|}

== [[:Category:Formats|Formats]]==
No single standard for the physical size and shape of image intensifier tubes exists. Instead, several different formats have been created over time.

Many older formats have since become partially or completely abandoned, as many have been designed to fit a specific housing or use case, as well as miniaturization allowing for ever smaller form factors.

Other formats, like MX-10160, have evolved to become somewhat of an industry standard, far exceeding their originally intended use case.

Manufacturers are still creating new formats, like [[Photonis Technologies SAS|Photonis]] with their 16mm format, which is even smaller and lighter than the commonly used formats.
*Mx9916 (Fat Anvis)
*[[MX-10130]]
*[[MX-10160|MX-10160 / Small Anvis / 37mm / 18mm]]
*[[MX-11769]]
*16mm

== Lifetime ==
Because image intensifiers rely on an electrochemical process to operate, they will slowly degrade with use.

The original [[MX-10160#MX-10160%2FAVS-6|MX-10160/AVS6]] specification defines a mean time to failure of the image intensifier of 7500 hours under normal and 1500 hours under accelerated conditions. This includes degradation in performance as well as complete failure of the assembly.

Image intensifiers are considered to have "failed" if the FOM decreases below 50% of the initial value.Source?

Gen. 2 image intensifiers loose [[Figure of Merit (FOM)|FOM]] almost linearly over their lifetime, while Gen. 3 image intensifiers have an almost constant [[Figure of Merit (FOM)|FOM]] with a sharp decrease at the end of life.<ref>Eric Garris - [[Harris]] - The Gen. 3 Advantage ([https://dokumen.tips/documents/the-gen-3-advantage-harris-gen-3-advantage-night-vision-and-communication-systems.html?page=10 https://dokumen.tips/documents/the-gen-3-advantage-harris-gen-3-advantage-night-vision-and-communication-systems.html?page=9])</ref> This means that while used Gen. 3 image intensifiers are likely to meet their original specifications, Gen. 2 image intensifiers will have a more or less lower performance compared to when they were new.

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Technology]]

MX-10130

2024-11-15T01:33:05Z

Untrust: Categorised

{{Stub}}
[[File:WhatsApp Image 2023-02-22 at 21.46.46 (1).jpg|thumb|ITT 10130 (Note the lack of contact plates similar to those on a MX10160/11769, instead, in its place are connection ports)|alt=]]
[[File:WhatsApp Image 2023-02-22 at 21.46.46.jpg|thumb|Alignment groove for 10130 formatted tubes. (Note how it is a groove compared to a MX10160/11769's notch)]]
[[File:WhatsApp Image 2023-02-22 at 21.46.49.jpg|thumb|Repotted generation 3 10130 (note the lack of any labels with a transparent tube shoe)]]
[[File:WhatsApp Image 2023-02-22 at 21.46.48.jpg|thumb|Photonis XX1416 10130 tube ]]
MX-10130 is a specification for image intensifier tubes for the United States military.

The designation is often used to refer to the physical format of the tube described inside of the specification, as all iterations of the specification reuse the same format to facilitate backwards compatibility.

Many different devices are designed to accept MX-10130 tubes, with the most notable example being the [[AN/PVS-7]].

All MX-10130 specifications, and by extension the format itself, are deprecated and have been superseded by the more miniaturized [[MX-10160]] and [[MX-11769]].

General features of a MX10130 are as follow:

* Larger compared to a MX10160/11769
* Connection ports instead of contact plates on MX10160/11769
* Uses groove for alignment instead of a notch like MX10160/11769
[[Category:Formats]]

Category:Formats

2024-11-15T01:31:13Z

Untrust: Move to main

Pages in this category describe different formats of [[Image Intensifier|image intensifier]] tubes.
[[Category:Main]]

EP33

2024-11-15T01:29:52Z

Untrust: Categorised

The EP33 is a generation 0+/1 image intensifier tube of Russian origin.<ref>https://www.ekran-os.ru/products?id=35#s</ref> All variants of the EP33 are produced by [[Ekran Optical Systems|Ekran]]. There are multiple variants of the EP33, these are: EP33, EP33-U, EP33-UD, EP33-US-D and EP33-SF. The SF is special, as it has a spherical photocathode to counteract distortion.<ref>https://www.ekran-os.ru/images/spec/eop0/spherical/en/pEP33-SF.pdf</ref> These tubes were and still are widely used in civilian devices marketed as "generation-1". The U in some EP33 variant indicated that the anode cone is shortened for the sake of compactness.<ref>[https://forum.guns.ru/forummessage/209/2602105.html https://forum.guns.ru/forummessage/209/2602105.htm]</ref>

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Formats]]

MX-11769

2024-11-15T01:27:35Z

Untrust: Changed category

[[File:MX-11769.png|alt=MX-11769 image intensifier|thumb|MX-11769 image intensifier with the characteristic "pigtail"]]
MX-11769 is a specification for image intensifier tubes for the [[United States of America|U.S.]] military.

The designation is often used to refer to the format of the tube specified inside of the specification, as all iterations of the specification reuse the same format to facilitate backwards compatibility.

The format is a modified version of the [[MX-10160]] format, with the key difference being the so called ''pigtail, w''hich can be plugged into compatible housings to allow [[External Gain Adjustment Circuit (EGAC)|manual gain]] adjustment.

MX-10160 tubes can be used in housings designed for the MX-11769 format, simply rendering the gain adjustment inoperable. See ''Conversion'' for the inverse case.

== Pigtail ==
The pigtail is a two-lead ribbon cable soldered to two pin contacts inside of a small cutout on the image intensifier housing.

At the other end of the cable is a small circuit board featuring four pin contacts, forming a type of connector that can be plugged into a receptacle in the inside of a compatible night vision housing. As there are only two leads, the pins form two pairs for redundancy. Furthermore, the assymetric arrangement of the pins ensures that there is only one possible direction that the connector can be plugged in.<ref>Patent by [[ITT Industries|ITT]]: [https://patents.google.com/patent/US6150650A/en Variable gain image intensifier]</ref><ref group="Note">Even if it were possible, a connector plugged in reverse would not have any effect on the functionality. The single direction that it can be plugged in is intended to avoid confusion and to ensure a single standard of assembly.</ref>

The electronic principle is simple, as the gain of the image intensifier can be controlled by adjusting the resistance between the two contacts. This is usually achieved by a simple potentiometer control (e.g. in the [[AN/PVS-14]]), or by some digital controller and buttons to control the gain.

The tube will run at maximum gain at 180KΩ, and at minimum gain at 0Ω.

== Conversion ==
On newer tubes from [[L3Harris]] the ribbon cable is connected to the image intensifier using a plug instead of soldered pins. These tubes feature extra circuitry making the tube operate at full gain when the cable is disconnected, allowing for quick conversion to and from [[MX-10160]] format without the use of any tools.

Some newer tubes sold by [[Elbit Systems Of America|Elbit]] as [[MX-10160]] use the same principle, allowing a pigtail to be connected later, converting them to MX-11769 format.

=== Manual Conversion ===
Furthermore, its possible to convert any MX-11769 tubes to [[MX-10160]] format by desoldering the ribbon cable and replacing it with a resistor. The recommended type of resistor is a 0805 SMD resistor, with a value of 150-180KΩ depending on the desired gain.

A normal MX-11769 tube running without a resistor or with a resistor exceeding the 180KΩ mark will operate beyond maximum gain, likely shortening the lifespan of the image intensifier significantly.

Due to the small size of the resistor and the pins the conversion requires some experience, otherwise risking damage to the image intensifier.

== Devices ==
The table below lists all devices using MX-11769 image intensifier tubes for which a page exists on this wiki.{{#ask:
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Tube Format::MX-11769]]
|?Manufacturer
|?Housing Type
}}

== Notes ==
<references group="Note" />

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Formats]]

MX-10160

2024-11-15T01:26:41Z

Untrust: /* Key Specifications */

[[File:MX10160A Front View.jpg|alt=MX10160A|thumb|An image intensifier tube labelled as MX10160A]]MX-10160 is a specification for [[Image Intensifier|image intensifier]] tubes for the [[United States Armed Forces|United States military]].

The designation is often used to refer to the physical [[Image Intensifier#Formats|format]] of the tube described inside of the specification, as all iterations of the specification reuse the same format to facilitate backwards compatibility.

This format, together with the sibling [[MX-11769]] format, are the most common formats both in military and civilian applications as of today.

== Format ==
Other names commonly used to refer to the format are:

* ''Small Anvis'' (because it was developed for [[AN/AVS-6]] binoculars)
* ''18 mm'' (because of the diameter of the core)
* ''37 mm'' (because of the diameter of the tube)

Tubes of this format utilize a fiber twist to invert the intensified image, making the lens system of compatible oculars much simpler.

The format does not support [[External Gain Adjustment Circuit (EGAC)|manual gain]]. The later introduced sibling [[MX-11769]] format as well as the gain contact subformat later added that missing feature.

=== Gain Contact Subformat ===

Especially outside of the U.S., an inofficial modification of the MX-10160 format is common that introduces a third contact inbetween the positive and negative contact for gain control.

A compatible housing connects the negative (ground) contact and the new gain contact through a potentiometer with a peak resistance of ~50 kΩ. The gain is inverse to the selected resistance of the potentiometer.

Tubes of this type can be made backwards compatible with housings designed for the original MX-10160 format by adding a thin wire between the aformentioned contacts on the tube, running the tube at maximum gain.

The image intensifier manufacturers [[Photonis Technologies SAS|Photonis]] and [[Katod]] use this format for some of their manual gain image intensifiers.

== Devices ==

The table below lists all devices using MX-10160 image intensifier tubes for which a page exists on this wiki.

{{#ask:
[[Category:Devices]]
[[Tube Format::MX-10160]]
|?Housing Type
|?Manufacturer
|?Mount
|format=table
}}

== Iterations ==

=== MX-10160/AVS-6 ===
The original MX-10160/AVS-6 specification was introduced in 1989 in the MIL-I-49428 specification. <ref>http://everyspec.com/MIL-SPECS/MIL-SPECS-MIL-I/MIL-I-49428_53852/</ref>

It consists of many requirements that designated image intensifier tubes had to meet as well as how those requirements should be tested.

The specification was cancelled in 1997 in favor of later iterations.

==== Key Specifications ====
Below is an incomplete list of key specifications that the image intensifiers have to meet.

{{TubeSpecs|res-min=36|halo-max=1.47|diam-min=17.5|mtf-4-min=8|mtf-3-min=28|mtf-2-min=58|mtf-1-min=83|obu-max=3:1|obu-min=4:1|gain-2-max=10.5K|hi-res-min=5|gain-2-min=3.5K|gain-1-max=35K|gain-1-min=20K|ebi-max=2.5|snr-min=16.2|rad-sens-2-min=60|rad-sens-1-min=100|lum-sens-min=1000|phosphor=P20}}

Some further specifications include:
* 18mm microchannel wafer
* minimum useful photocathode and [[Phosphor Screen|phosphor screen]] diameter of 17.5 mm
* maximum weight of 85 grams
* image inversion
* resistance to shocks of at least 75 G's
* mean time to failure of minimum 7500 hours (minimum 1500 hours under accelerated conditions<ref group="Notes">Accelerated conditions differ only in shorter on-off cycles and more frequent temporary increases in input illumination.</ref>)
** under vibration and varying illumination levels
** pass criteria:
*** Gain: 10k-35k fL/fc @ 2x10-6 fc
*** SNR: >= 13.60

* stability and uniformity of output brightness
* ion barrier film quality
* photocathode sensitivity
* burn-in / environmental stress screening
* vibration
* resonance search / resonance dwell / cycling
* temperature ranges / temperature cycling
* compatibility with the ANVIS monocular assembly
* reverse polarity protection
* resistance to bright lights
* allowable dark & bright spots
* veil glare
* image alignment
* electromagnetic interference
* assembly quality
* chicken wire

=== MX-10160A/AVS-6 ===
{{Unverified}}
The MX-10160A/AVS-6 (NSN 5855-01-423-1497) specification was introduced in 1995.

Northrop Grumman Electro-Optical Systems originally supplied these tubes, with their production moving into [[Litton Industries|Litton]] and [[ITT Industries|ITT]], and later [[L3]] Warrior Systems.

=== MX-10160B/AVS-6 ===
{{Unverified}}
Not much is known about the MX-10160B/AVS-6 specification, except that it was introduced around the year 2000.

Both [[Litton Industries|Litton]] and [[ITT Industries|ITT]] supplied image intensifiers for it. MX-10160B image intensifiers produced by [[Litton Industries|Litton]] were the first [[Image Intensifier#Filmless|filmless]] contract image intensifiers, while [[ITT Industries|ITT]] produced thin-filmed image intensifiers.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Specifications for Litton<ref>http://aunv.blackice.com.au/userfiles/david-mx10160B.pdf</ref>
!Performance parameters
!Units of measurement
!Values
|-
|[[Resolution]]
|lp/mm
|57 - 72
|-
|Highlight Resolution
|@20fc, lp/mm
|32 - 36
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Photocathode Sensitivity]]
|28560 K, uA/lm
|1,500 - 2,100
|-
|@ 830 nm, mA/W
|77 - 200
|-
|@ 880 nm, mA/W
|30 - 100
|-
|[[Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)|Signal to Noise Ratio]]
|
|20.6 - 36.0
|-
|EBI
|1 x 10-11 lm/cm2
|0.5 - 2.5
|-
|[[Gain#Luminance Gain|Luminous Gain]]
|fl/fc @2 x 10-6 fc
|30K - 80K
|-
|Output Brightness
|@1 and 20 fc
|2.0 - 4.0
|-
|[[Halo]]
|mm
|0.4 - 1.25
|-
|Output Brightness Uniformity
|@2856 K
|3:1 - 2:1
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Modulation Transfer Function (MTF)|MTF]]
|% @15.0 lp/mm
|61%+
|-
|% @25.0 lp/mm
|38%+
|-
|Photocathode Diameter
|mm
|17.0 - 17.5
|-
|[[Phosphor Screen|Phosphor]]
|
|P22, P43
|}

=== MX-10160C/AVS6 ===
The MX-10160C/AVS-6 specification was introduced on 17. October 2003 in the MIL-PRF-A3279602B specification.<ref>https://govtribe.com/file/government-file/fa853309r22222-mil-prf-a3279602b-dot-pdf</ref>

On 22. April 2010 the first MX-10160C/AVS-6 tubes with a halo of less than 0.85mm were accepted.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230110205422/https://govtribe.com/award/federal-contract-award/delivery-order-w15p7t04aj208-0034</ref> On 1. September 2010 the halo specification was revised from 0.70mm to 0.85mm.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20230110213327/https://govtribe.com/award/federal-idv-award/indefinite-delivery-contract-w15p7t04aj208</ref> There are rumors, that ITT had measured the halo values as too small for some time.
* MIL-PRF-A3279602B (17 October 2003)
* Low distortion fiber optic output, +-1 deg image inversion
* Minimum specs:
** Image alignment offset max 0.006 inch
** Halo: early models max halo 0.70mm, later models with revised spec max 0.85mm
** Electromagnetic interference (EMI): The assembly, when properly incorporated within a certified AN/AVS-6 system shall comply with the EMI requirements as specified in MIL-PRF-A3279454(CR) or MIL-PRF-49425.
** Reliability: the assembly shall have a minimum mean time to failure of not less than 12,500 hours (2,500 hours accelerated)
{| class="wikitable"
!Performance parameters
!Units of measurement
!Values
|-
|[[Resolution]]
|lp/mm
|64+
|-
|Highlight Resolution
|@20fc, lp/mm
|45+
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Photocathode Sensitivity]]
|28560 K, uA/lm
|2200+
|-
|@ 830 nm, mA/W
|240+
|-
|@ 880 nm, mA/W
|120+
|-
|[[Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)|Signal to Noise Ratio]]
|
|28+
|-
|EBI
|1 x 10-11 lm/cm2
|2.5-
|-
|[[Gain#Luminance Gain|Luminous Gain]]
|fl/fc @2 x 10-6 fc
|50K - 80K
|-
|Output Brightness
|@1 and 20 fc
|
|-
|[[Halo]]
|mm
|early: 0.70
later: 0.85
|-
|[[Phosphor Screen|Phosphor]]
|
|P43
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+Spot spec
!Size in inches, at zone
!1
!2
!3
|-
|0.009 or larger
|0
|0
|0
|-
|0.006 to 0.009
|0
|0
|1
|-
|0.003 to 0.006
|0
|0
|2
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+End-of-life specs (threshold specs at 12,500h)
!Requirement
!Acceptance level
|-
|Luminance gain at 2x10^-6 fc
|35k to 95k fL/fc
|-
|EBI
|2.5
|-
|SNR
|23 minimum
|-
|Center resolution
|64lp/mm minimum
|-
|Bright-light level center res.
|36lp/mm minimum
|-
|Useful cathode diameter
|17.5mm minimum
|-
|Output brightness uniformity
|Within normal spec
|-
|Screen quality
|Within normal spec
|}

== Other ==
Below is a list of other known MX-10160 contract iterations for which currently no information is available

*
* MX-10160GS
* MX-10160WG
* MX-10160FG

== Notes ==
<references group="Notes" />

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Formats]]

P8079HP

2024-11-15T01:26:00Z

Untrust: finally got screen diameter to show

Template:TubeSpecs

2024-11-15T01:25:13Z

Untrust:

<includeonly><table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th>Performance Parameter</th>
<th>Unit of measurement</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
{{#if: {{{res-min|}}}{{{res-max|}}}{{{res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{res-min|}}}|max={{{res-max|}}}|typ={{{res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{hi-res-min|}}}{{{hi-res-max|}}}{{{hi-res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>High Light [[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm @ {{{hi-res-at|20fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{hi-res-min|}}}|max={{{hi-res-max|}}}|typ={{{hi-res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Photocathode Sensitivity]]</td>
{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|
<td>uA/lm @ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{lum-sens-min|}}}|max={{{lum-sens-max|}}}|typ={{{lum-sens-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 830nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 880nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{snr-min|}}}{{{snr-max|}}}{{{snr-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Signal to Noise Ratio]]</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{snr-min|}}}|max={{{snr-max|}}}|typ={{{snr-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{ebi-min|}}}{{{ebi-max|}}}{{{ebi-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>EBI</td>
<td>{{{ebi-unit|1 x 10-11 lm/cm2}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{ebi-min|}}}|max={{{ebi-max|}}}|typ={{{ebi-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}{{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Gain]]</td>
{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-1-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-6 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-1-min|}}}|max={{{gain-1-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{gain-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-2-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-4 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-2-min|}}}|max={{{gain-2-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{halo-min|}}}{{{halo-max|}}}{{{halo-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Halo]]</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{halo-min|}}}|max={{{halo-max|}}}|typ={{{halo-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{obu-min|}}}{{{obu-max|}}}{{{obu-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Output Brightness Uniformity</td>
<td>@ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{obu-min|}}}|max={{{obu-max|}}}|typ={{{obu-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}{{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}{{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}{{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[MTF]]</td>
{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-1-at|2.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-1-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-1-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-2-at|7.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-2-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-2-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-3-at|15.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-3-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-3-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-3-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-4-at|25.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-4-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-4-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-4-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{diam-min|}}}{{{diam-max|}}}{{{diam-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Photocathode Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{diam-min|}}}|max={{{diam-max|}}}|typ={{{diam-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{phosphor|}}}|<tr>
<td>Phosphor</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{{phosphor}}}
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{screen-dia|}}}|<tr>
<td>Screen Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{{screen-dia}}}
</tr>}}</table></includeonly>
<noinclude>
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"res-min": {},
"res-max": {},
"res-typ": {},
"hi-res-min": {},
"hi-res-max": {},
"hi-res-typ": {},
"hi-res-at": {},
"lum-sens-min": {},
"lum-sens-max": {},
"lum-sens-typ": {},
"rad-sens-1-min": {},
"rad-sens-1-max": {},
"rad-sens-1-typ": {},
"rad-sens-2-min": {},
"rad-sens-2-max": {},
"rad-sens-2-typ": {},
"snr-min": {},
"snr-max": {},
"snr-typ": {},
"ebi-min": {},
"ebi-max": {},
"ebi-typ": {},
"ebi-unit": {},
"gain-1-min": {},
"gain-1-max": {},
"gain-1-typ": {},
"gain-2-min": {},
"gain-2-max": {},
"gain-2-typ": {},
"gain-1-unit": {},
"gain-min": {},
"gain-2-unit": {},
"halo-min": {},
"halo-max": {},
"halo-typ": {},
"obu-min": {},
"obu-max": {},
"obu-typ": {},
"mtf-1-min": {},
"mtf-1-max": {},
"mtf-1-typ": {},
"mtf-2-min": {},
"mtf-2-max": {},
"mtf-2-typ": {},
"mtf-3-min": {},
"mtf-3-max": {},
"mtf-3-typ": {},
"mtf-4-min": {},
"mtf-4-max": {},
"mtf-4-typ": {},
"mtf-1-at": {},
"mtf-2-at": {},
"mtf-3-at": {},
"mtf-4-at": {},
"diam-min": {},
"diam-max": {},
"diam-typ": {},
"phosphor": {},
"screen-dia": {}
},
"description": "A table of image intensifier specifications",
"format": "{{_|_=_}}"
}
</templatedata>
</noinclude>

Template:TubeSpecs

2024-11-15T01:22:50Z

Untrust:

<includeonly><table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th>Performance Parameter</th>
<th>Unit of measurement</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
{{#if: {{{res-min|}}}{{{res-max|}}}{{{res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{res-min|}}}|max={{{res-max|}}}|typ={{{res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{hi-res-min|}}}{{{hi-res-max|}}}{{{hi-res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>High Light [[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm @ {{{hi-res-at|20fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{hi-res-min|}}}|max={{{hi-res-max|}}}|typ={{{hi-res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Photocathode Sensitivity]]</td>
{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|
<td>uA/lm @ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{lum-sens-min|}}}|max={{{lum-sens-max|}}}|typ={{{lum-sens-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 830nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 880nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{snr-min|}}}{{{snr-max|}}}{{{snr-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Signal to Noise Ratio]]</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{snr-min|}}}|max={{{snr-max|}}}|typ={{{snr-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{ebi-min|}}}{{{ebi-max|}}}{{{ebi-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>EBI</td>
<td>{{{ebi-unit|1 x 10-11 lm/cm2}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{ebi-min|}}}|max={{{ebi-max|}}}|typ={{{ebi-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}{{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Gain]]</td>
{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-1-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-6 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-1-min|}}}|max={{{gain-1-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{gain-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-2-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-4 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-2-min|}}}|max={{{gain-2-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{halo-min|}}}{{{halo-max|}}}{{{halo-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Halo]]</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{halo-min|}}}|max={{{halo-max|}}}|typ={{{halo-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{obu-min|}}}{{{obu-max|}}}{{{obu-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Output Brightness Uniformity</td>
<td>@ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{obu-min|}}}|max={{{obu-max|}}}|typ={{{obu-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}{{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}{{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}{{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[MTF]]</td>
{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-1-at|2.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-1-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-1-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-2-at|7.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-2-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-2-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-3-at|15.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-3-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-3-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-3-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-4-at|25.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-4-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-4-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-4-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{diam-min|}}}{{{diam-max|}}}{{{diam-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Photocathode Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{diam-min|}}}|max={{{diam-max|}}}|typ={{{diam-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{phosphor|}}}|<tr>
<td>Phosphor</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{{phosphor}}}
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{screen-diam|}}}|<tr>
<td>Screen Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{{screen-diam}}}
</tr>}}</table></includeonly>
<noinclude>
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"res-min": {},
"res-max": {},
"res-typ": {},
"hi-res-min": {},
"hi-res-max": {},
"hi-res-typ": {},
"hi-res-at": {},
"lum-sens-min": {},
"lum-sens-max": {},
"lum-sens-typ": {},
"rad-sens-1-min": {},
"rad-sens-1-max": {},
"rad-sens-1-typ": {},
"rad-sens-2-min": {},
"rad-sens-2-max": {},
"rad-sens-2-typ": {},
"snr-min": {},
"snr-max": {},
"snr-typ": {},
"ebi-min": {},
"ebi-max": {},
"ebi-typ": {},
"ebi-unit": {},
"gain-1-min": {},
"gain-1-max": {},
"gain-1-typ": {},
"gain-2-min": {},
"gain-2-max": {},
"gain-2-typ": {},
"gain-1-unit": {},
"gain-min": {},
"gain-2-unit": {},
"halo-min": {},
"halo-max": {},
"halo-typ": {},
"obu-min": {},
"obu-max": {},
"obu-typ": {},
"mtf-1-min": {},
"mtf-1-max": {},
"mtf-1-typ": {},
"mtf-2-min": {},
"mtf-2-max": {},
"mtf-2-typ": {},
"mtf-3-min": {},
"mtf-3-max": {},
"mtf-3-typ": {},
"mtf-4-min": {},
"mtf-4-max": {},
"mtf-4-typ": {},
"mtf-1-at": {},
"mtf-2-at": {},
"mtf-3-at": {},
"mtf-4-at": {},
"diam-min": {},
"diam-max": {},
"diam-typ": {},
"phosphor": {},
"screen-diam": {}
},
"description": "A table of image intensifier specifications",
"format": "{{_|_=_}}"
}
</templatedata>
</noinclude>

Template:TubeSpecs

2024-11-15T01:20:47Z

Untrust:

<includeonly><table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th>Performance Parameter</th>
<th>Unit of measurement</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
{{#if: {{{res-min|}}}{{{res-max|}}}{{{res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{res-min|}}}|max={{{res-max|}}}|typ={{{res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{hi-res-min|}}}{{{hi-res-max|}}}{{{hi-res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>High Light [[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm @ {{{hi-res-at|20fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{hi-res-min|}}}|max={{{hi-res-max|}}}|typ={{{hi-res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Photocathode Sensitivity]]</td>
{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|
<td>uA/lm @ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{lum-sens-min|}}}|max={{{lum-sens-max|}}}|typ={{{lum-sens-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 830nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 880nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{snr-min|}}}{{{snr-max|}}}{{{snr-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Signal to Noise Ratio]]</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{snr-min|}}}|max={{{snr-max|}}}|typ={{{snr-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{ebi-min|}}}{{{ebi-max|}}}{{{ebi-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>EBI</td>
<td>{{{ebi-unit|1 x 10-11 lm/cm2}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{ebi-min|}}}|max={{{ebi-max|}}}|typ={{{ebi-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}{{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Gain]]</td>
{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-1-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-6 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-1-min|}}}|max={{{gain-1-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{gain-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-2-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-4 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-2-min|}}}|max={{{gain-2-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{halo-min|}}}{{{halo-max|}}}{{{halo-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Halo]]</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{halo-min|}}}|max={{{halo-max|}}}|typ={{{halo-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{obu-min|}}}{{{obu-max|}}}{{{obu-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Output Brightness Uniformity</td>
<td>@ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{obu-min|}}}|max={{{obu-max|}}}|typ={{{obu-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}{{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}{{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}{{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[MTF]]</td>
{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-1-at|2.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-1-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-1-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-2-at|7.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-2-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-2-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-3-at|15.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-3-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-3-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-3-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-4-at|25.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-4-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-4-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-4-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{diam-min|}}}{{{diam-max|}}}{{{diam-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Photocathode Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{diam-min|}}}|max={{{diam-max|}}}|typ={{{diam-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{screen-diam|}}}|<tr>
<td>Screen Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{{screen-diam}}}
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{phosphor|}}}|<tr>
<td>Phosphor</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{{phosphor}}}
</tr>}}</table></includeonly>
<noinclude>
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"res-min": {},
"res-max": {},
"res-typ": {},
"hi-res-min": {},
"hi-res-max": {},
"hi-res-typ": {},
"hi-res-at": {},
"lum-sens-min": {},
"lum-sens-max": {},
"lum-sens-typ": {},
"rad-sens-1-min": {},
"rad-sens-1-max": {},
"rad-sens-1-typ": {},
"rad-sens-2-min": {},
"rad-sens-2-max": {},
"rad-sens-2-typ": {},
"snr-min": {},
"snr-max": {},
"snr-typ": {},
"ebi-min": {},
"ebi-max": {},
"ebi-typ": {},
"ebi-unit": {},
"gain-1-min": {},
"gain-1-max": {},
"gain-1-typ": {},
"gain-2-min": {},
"gain-2-max": {},
"gain-2-typ": {},
"gain-1-unit": {},
"gain-min": {},
"gain-2-unit": {},
"halo-min": {},
"halo-max": {},
"halo-typ": {},
"obu-min": {},
"obu-max": {},
"obu-typ": {},
"mtf-1-min": {},
"mtf-1-max": {},
"mtf-1-typ": {},
"mtf-2-min": {},
"mtf-2-max": {},
"mtf-2-typ": {},
"mtf-3-min": {},
"mtf-3-max": {},
"mtf-3-typ": {},
"mtf-4-min": {},
"mtf-4-max": {},
"mtf-4-typ": {},
"mtf-1-at": {},
"mtf-2-at": {},
"mtf-3-at": {},
"mtf-4-at": {},
"diam-min": {},
"diam-max": {},
"diam-typ": {},
"phosphor": {},
"screen-diam": {}
},
"description": "A table of image intensifier specifications",
"format": "{{_|_=_}}"
}
</templatedata>
</noinclude>

Template:TubeSpecs

2024-11-15T01:18:03Z

Untrust:

<includeonly><table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th>Performance Parameter</th>
<th>Unit of measurement</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
{{#if: {{{res-min|}}}{{{res-max|}}}{{{res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{res-min|}}}|max={{{res-max|}}}|typ={{{res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{hi-res-min|}}}{{{hi-res-max|}}}{{{hi-res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>High Light [[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm @ {{{hi-res-at|20fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{hi-res-min|}}}|max={{{hi-res-max|}}}|typ={{{hi-res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Photocathode Sensitivity]]</td>
{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|
<td>uA/lm @ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{lum-sens-min|}}}|max={{{lum-sens-max|}}}|typ={{{lum-sens-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 830nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 880nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{snr-min|}}}{{{snr-max|}}}{{{snr-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Signal to Noise Ratio]]</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{snr-min|}}}|max={{{snr-max|}}}|typ={{{snr-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{ebi-min|}}}{{{ebi-max|}}}{{{ebi-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>EBI</td>
<td>{{{ebi-unit|1 x 10-11 lm/cm2}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{ebi-min|}}}|max={{{ebi-max|}}}|typ={{{ebi-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}{{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Gain]]</td>
{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-1-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-6 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-1-min|}}}|max={{{gain-1-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{gain-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-2-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-4 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-2-min|}}}|max={{{gain-2-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{halo-min|}}}{{{halo-max|}}}{{{halo-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Halo]]</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{halo-min|}}}|max={{{halo-max|}}}|typ={{{halo-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{obu-min|}}}{{{obu-max|}}}{{{obu-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Output Brightness Uniformity</td>
<td>@ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{obu-min|}}}|max={{{obu-max|}}}|typ={{{obu-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}{{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}{{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}{{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[MTF]]</td>
{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-1-at|2.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-1-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-1-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-2-at|7.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-2-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-2-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-3-at|15.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-3-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-3-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-3-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-4-at|25.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-4-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-4-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-4-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{diam-min|}}}{{{diam-max|}}}{{{diam-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Photocathode Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{diam-min|}}}|max={{{diam-max|}}}|typ={{{diam-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{screen-diam|}}}|<tr>
<td>Screen Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{phosphor|}}}|<tr>
<td>Phosphor</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{{phosphor}}}
</tr>}}</table></includeonly>
<noinclude>
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"res-min": {},
"res-max": {},
"res-typ": {},
"hi-res-min": {},
"hi-res-max": {},
"hi-res-typ": {},
"hi-res-at": {},
"lum-sens-min": {},
"lum-sens-max": {},
"lum-sens-typ": {},
"rad-sens-1-min": {},
"rad-sens-1-max": {},
"rad-sens-1-typ": {},
"rad-sens-2-min": {},
"rad-sens-2-max": {},
"rad-sens-2-typ": {},
"snr-min": {},
"snr-max": {},
"snr-typ": {},
"ebi-min": {},
"ebi-max": {},
"ebi-typ": {},
"ebi-unit": {},
"gain-1-min": {},
"gain-1-max": {},
"gain-1-typ": {},
"gain-2-min": {},
"gain-2-max": {},
"gain-2-typ": {},
"gain-1-unit": {},
"gain-min": {},
"gain-2-unit": {},
"halo-min": {},
"halo-max": {},
"halo-typ": {},
"obu-min": {},
"obu-max": {},
"obu-typ": {},
"mtf-1-min": {},
"mtf-1-max": {},
"mtf-1-typ": {},
"mtf-2-min": {},
"mtf-2-max": {},
"mtf-2-typ": {},
"mtf-3-min": {},
"mtf-3-max": {},
"mtf-3-typ": {},
"mtf-4-min": {},
"mtf-4-max": {},
"mtf-4-typ": {},
"mtf-1-at": {},
"mtf-2-at": {},
"mtf-3-at": {},
"mtf-4-at": {},
"diam-min": {},
"diam-max": {},
"diam-typ": {},
"phosphor": {},
"screen-diam": {}
},
"description": "A table of image intensifier specifications",
"format": "{{_|_=_}}"
}
</templatedata>
</noinclude>

Template:TubeSpecs

2024-11-15T01:17:06Z

Untrust:

<includeonly><table class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th>Performance Parameter</th>
<th>Unit of measurement</th>
<th>Value</th>
</tr>
{{#if: {{{res-min|}}}{{{res-max|}}}{{{res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{res-min|}}}|max={{{res-max|}}}|typ={{{res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{hi-res-min|}}}{{{hi-res-max|}}}{{{hi-res-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>High Light [[Resolution]]</td>
<td>lp / mm @ {{{hi-res-at|20fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{hi-res-min|}}}|max={{{hi-res-max|}}}|typ={{{hi-res-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Photocathode Sensitivity]]</td>
{{#if: {{{lum-sens-min|}}}{{{lum-sens-max|}}}{{{lum-sens-typ|}}}|
<td>uA/lm @ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{lum-sens-min|}}}|max={{{lum-sens-max|}}}|typ={{{lum-sens-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 830nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-1-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-1-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}{{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}}|
<td>mA/W @ 880nm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{rad-sens-2-min|}}}|max={{{rad-sens-2-max|}}}|typ={{{rad-sens-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{snr-min|}}}{{{snr-max|}}}{{{snr-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Signal to Noise Ratio]]</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{snr-min|}}}|max={{{snr-max|}}}|typ={{{snr-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{ebi-min|}}}{{{ebi-max|}}}{{{ebi-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>EBI</td>
<td>{{{ebi-unit|1 x 10-11 lm/cm2}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{ebi-min|}}}|max={{{ebi-max|}}}|typ={{{ebi-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}{{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|1|0}}+ {{#if: {{{gain-2-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[Gain]]</td>
{{#if: {{{gain-1-min|}}}{{{gain-1-max|}}}{{{gain-1-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-1-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-6 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-1-min|}}}|max={{{gain-1-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{gain-min|}}}{{{gain-2-max|}}}{{{gain-2-typ|}}}|
<td>{{{gain-2-unit|fL/fc @ 2x10-4 fc}}}</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{gain-2-min|}}}|max={{{gain-2-max|}}}|typ={{{gain-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{halo-min|}}}{{{halo-max|}}}{{{halo-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>[[Halo]]</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{halo-min|}}}|max={{{halo-max|}}}|typ={{{halo-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{obu-min|}}}{{{obu-max|}}}{{{obu-typ|}}}|<tr>
<td>Output Brightness Uniformity</td>
<td>@ 2856K</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{obu-min|}}}|max={{{obu-max|}}}|typ={{{obu-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}{{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}{{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}{{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<tr>
<td rowspan={{#expr: {{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|1|0}} + {{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|1|0}} }}>[[MTF]]</td>
{{#if: {{{mtf-1-min|}}}{{{mtf-1-max|}}}{{{mtf-1-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-1-at|2.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-1-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-1-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-1-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-2-min|}}}{{{mtf-2-max|}}}{{{mtf-2-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-2-at|7.5}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-2-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-2-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-2-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-3-min|}}}{{{mtf-3-max|}}}{{{mtf-3-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-3-at|15.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-3-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-3-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-3-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}{{#if: {{{mtf-4-min|}}}{{{mtf-4-max|}}}{{{mtf-4-typ|}}}|
<td>% @ {{{mtf-4-at|25.0}}} lp/mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{mtf-4-min|}}}|max={{{mtf-4-max|}}}|typ={{{mtf-4-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>
<tr>
}}
</tr>
}}{{#if: {{{diam-min|}}}{{{diam-max|}}}{{{diam-typ|}}}{{{screen-diam|}}}|<tr>
<td>Photocathode Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
<td>{{TubeSpecsValue|min={{{diam-min|}}}|max={{{diam-max|}}}|typ={{{diam-typ|}}} }}</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{screen-diam|}}}|<tr>
<td>Screen Diameter</td>
<td>mm</td>
</tr>}}{{#if: {{{phosphor|}}}|<tr>
<td>Phosphor</td>
<td></td>
<td>{{{phosphor}}}
</tr>}}</table></includeonly>
<noinclude>
<templatedata>
{
"params": {
"res-min": {},
"res-max": {},
"res-typ": {},
"hi-res-min": {},
"hi-res-max": {},
"hi-res-typ": {},
"hi-res-at": {},
"lum-sens-min": {},
"lum-sens-max": {},
"lum-sens-typ": {},
"rad-sens-1-min": {},
"rad-sens-1-max": {},
"rad-sens-1-typ": {},
"rad-sens-2-min": {},
"rad-sens-2-max": {},
"rad-sens-2-typ": {},
"snr-min": {},
"snr-max": {},
"snr-typ": {},
"ebi-min": {},
"ebi-max": {},
"ebi-typ": {},
"ebi-unit": {},
"gain-1-min": {},
"gain-1-max": {},
"gain-1-typ": {},
"gain-2-min": {},
"gain-2-max": {},
"gain-2-typ": {},
"gain-1-unit": {},
"gain-min": {},
"gain-2-unit": {},
"halo-min": {},
"halo-max": {},
"halo-typ": {},
"obu-min": {},
"obu-max": {},
"obu-typ": {},
"mtf-1-min": {},
"mtf-1-max": {},
"mtf-1-typ": {},
"mtf-2-min": {},
"mtf-2-max": {},
"mtf-2-typ": {},
"mtf-3-min": {},
"mtf-3-max": {},
"mtf-3-typ": {},
"mtf-4-min": {},
"mtf-4-max": {},
"mtf-4-typ": {},
"mtf-1-at": {},
"mtf-2-at": {},
"mtf-3-at": {},
"mtf-4-at": {},
"diam-min": {},
"diam-max": {},
"diam-typ": {},
"phosphor": {},
"screen-diam": {}
},
"description": "A table of image intensifier specifications",
"format": "{{_|_=_}}"
}
</templatedata>
</noinclude>

P8079HP

2024-11-15T01:15:20Z

Untrust:

EEV

2024-11-15T01:14:21Z

Untrust: Moved P8079HP

English Electric Valve Company (EEV) was a British company later acquired by [[wikipedia:Teledyne_e2v|Teledyne e2v]].

Among other products, it produced Gen. 1, Gen. 2 and Gen. 3 image intensifiers.

== Products ==

[[P8079HP]]
== References ==
<references />

== Further Reading ==
https://www.electricstuff.co.uk/eevimage.html
[[Category:Image Intensifier Manufacturers]]
[[Category:Manufacturers]]